IODP第347次考察:波罗的海盆地古环境和生物圈

IF 1.6 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
T. Andrén, B. Jørgensen, C. Cotterill, S. Green
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引用次数: 27

摘要

摘要综合海洋钻探计划(IODP)的第347次考察采集了波罗的海不同环境的沉积物,覆盖了末次冰期-间冰期旋回。主要目的是研究波罗的海的地质发展与该地区极端气候变化的关系,包括冰盖的变化和温度、盐度和生物群落的重大变化。利用欧洲海洋研究钻井联盟(ECORD)任务专用平台Greatship Manisha,我们从9个地点回收了1.6 km的岩心,其中4个地点额外取样用于微生物学。这些遗址覆盖了北海和大西洋的门户,波罗的海南部的几个子盆地,波罗的海中部的一个深盆地和北部的一个河口。斯堪的纳维亚冰盖的盛衰深刻地影响了波罗的海的沉积物。在魏奇塞利期,前进的冰川重塑了海底地貌,取代了第四纪早期的沉积物。随着冰川的消退,它们留下了一种复杂的模式,包括土壤、沙子和湖相粘土,在盆地中,这些粘土后来被一层厚厚的全新世富有机质粘土沉积物所覆盖。由于咸水波罗的海的分层水柱和反复出现的广泛缺氧,较深的盆地含有层状沉积物,为高分辨率的年代研究提供了独特的机会。波罗的海是一个富营养化的大陆内海,受到陆地径流和养分通量的强烈影响。据今天的记录,全新世沉积深度可达50米,其地球化学性质受到有机质降解驱动的成岩蚀变的影响。许多岩心层序的甲烷高度过饱和,在岩心开采时导致了强烈的脱气。保守海水离子的深度分布仍然反映了末次冰期末淡水粘土向全新世微咸泥的过渡。高分辨率采样和间隙水化学分析揭示了主要生物地球化学过程的强烈矿化和分带性。对沉积物中微生物细胞的定量研究得出了一些迄今为止科学钻探记录的最高细胞密度。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
IODP expedition 347: Baltic Sea basin paleoenvironment and biosphere
Abstract. The Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) expedition 347 cored sediments from different settings of the Baltic Sea covering the last glacial–interglacial cycle. The main aim was to study the geological development of the Baltic Sea in relation to the extreme climate variability of the region with changing ice cover and major shifts in temperature, salinity, and biological communities. Using the Greatship Manisha as a European Consortium for Ocean Research Drilling (ECORD) mission-specific platform, we recovered 1.6 km of core from nine sites of which four were additionally cored for microbiology. The sites covered the gateway to the North Sea and Atlantic Ocean, several sub-basins in the southern Baltic Sea, a deep basin in the central Baltic Sea, and a river estuary in the north. The waxing and waning of the Scandinavian ice sheet has profoundly affected the Baltic Sea sediments. During the Weichselian, progressing glaciers reshaped the submarine landscape and displaced sedimentary deposits from earlier Quaternary time. As the glaciers retreated they left a complex pattern of till, sand, and lacustrine clay, which in the basins has since been covered by a thick deposit of Holocene, organic-rich clay. Due to the stratified water column of the brackish Baltic Sea and the recurrent and widespread anoxia, the deeper basins harbor laminated sediments that provide a unique opportunity for high-resolution chronological studies. The Baltic Sea is a eutrophic intra-continental sea that is strongly impacted by terrestrial runoff and nutrient fluxes. The Holocene deposits are recorded today to be up to 50 m deep and geochemically affected by diagenetic alterations driven by organic matter degradation. Many of the cored sequences were highly supersaturated with respect to methane, which caused strong degassing upon core recovery. The depth distributions of conservative sea water ions still reflected the transition at the end of the last glaciation from fresh-water clays to Holocene brackish mud. High-resolution sampling and analyses of interstitial water chemistry revealed the intensive mineralization and zonation of the predominant biogeochemical processes. Quantification of microbial cells in the sediments yielded some of the highest cell densities yet recorded by scientific drilling.
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来源期刊
Scientific Drilling
Scientific Drilling GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
12
审稿时长
27 weeks
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