等离子弧钻孔成孔过程的观察

K. Kusumoto, S. Hao, S. Ishikawa
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引用次数: 1

摘要

钻孔在材料加工中有着广泛的应用。近年来出现了电火花加工、激光加工和等离子弧加工等新型钻孔方法,以克服厚板或难加工材料钻孔时刀具磨损和效率低的问题。等离子弧钻孔是一种高效、高速的厚板钻孔方法。然而,等离子弧钻孔的机制,如孔的形成和渣的形成过程,尚未完全阐明。本研究采用高速摄像机,对厚度为12mm的低碳钢板在不同钻孔条件下的成孔过程进行了实验研究。等离子弧钻孔成孔是一个非常复杂的过程,涉及到熔化和汽化。验证了熔融金属喷射作为材料去除过程的机理。通过对熔融金属喷射的观察,阐明了入口和出口两侧渣滓的形成和去除。进一步的实验研究了等离子弧钻孔特有的阳极运动的影响。结果阐明了孔的形成过程和一些具体的相关现象。对井眼形成过程的深入了解将有助于提高井眼质量,减少井眼周围的杂质。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Observation of hole formation process in plasma arc drilling
Drilling is widely applied in materials processing. Novel drilling methods, including electrical discharge machining, laser drilling, and plasma arc drilling, have emerged in recent years to overcome such problems as tool wear and low efficiency in the drilling of thick plates or difficult-to-machine materials. Plasma arc drilling is an effective and high-speed drilling method for thick plates. However, the mechanisms of plasma arc drilling, such as the hole formation and dross formation processes, have not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, a number of experiments under different drilling conditions were conducted to investigate the hole formation process in mild steel plate of 12 mm in thickness, using a high-speed video camera. Hole formation in plasma arc drilling is a highly complex process since both melting and vaporization are involved. The mechanisms of molten metal ejection as a material removal process were verified. The formation and removal of dross at the entrance and exit sides were elucidated by our observations of molten metal ejection. Further experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of the anode motion peculiar to plasma arc drilling. The results clarified the hole formation process and some specific related phenomena. The insights gained into the hole formation process will be useful in improving hole quality and reducing dross around the hole.
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