Development and transfer of dual technology of bio-geyser and agro-waste composting

Agro-wastes can be converted into compost (slow release organic fertilizer) for the improvement of soil fertility. Heat generated naturally during decomposition of agro-wastes that usually remains unnoticed and untapped was effectively used for a beneficial purpose of warming water. By tapping the heat from composting materials, a bio-geyser was developed. The bio-geyser technology was improved by identifying appropriate combination and volumes of composting materials. During 2016-2017, the dual technology of bio-geyser and agro-waste composting was demonstrated at community level in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan using participatory approach. Training events were organized to train the local fabricators and end-users in the use and maintenance of dual technology. The dual technology received overwhelming response from the end-users on account of its simplicity, novelty, cost effectiveness and utility particularly during winter months. End users suggested to provide solar panels in conjunction with bio-geyser units to improve efficiency of technology as shortage of grasses, fodder, etc. during peak winter months appeared to be a limitation towards fast absorption of technology at community level.