Koskobilo (Olazti, Nafarroa): nuevos hallazgos y revisión de las colecciones

espanolEn este trabajo realizamos el estudio de nuevos materiales arqueo-paleontologicos recuperados en las dos escombreras de la cantera de Koskobilo (Olazti, Nafarroa) y proporcionamos nuevos datos sobre las colecciones recuperadas durante el s. XX en esta localidad. En este trabajo consideramos probable que los restos arqueo-paleontologicos de Koskobilo provengan de, al menos, dos cavidades, o de dos depositos independientes dentro de la misma cavidad. En la coleccion paleontologica, destacamos la identificacion de cuon, macaco, oso negro asiatico y ciervo gigante. La presencia de oso negro asiatico y de hipopotamo indican depositos del Pleistoceno Medio. Ademas, en base a la industria litica, queda firmemente constatada la presencia de poblaciones humanas desde el Paleolitico Medio Antiguo y durante varias fases del Paleolitico Superior, pudiendose destacar en Koskobilo la presencia de un taller de piezas foliaceas solutrense, el unico registrado hasta el momento en el area cantabrica. EnglishIn this work we provide new data on the archaeopaleontological findings from the Koskobilo quarry (Olazti, Navarre). We have reviewed the archaeo-paleontological collections that this quarry has yielded, which are curated at the Museum of Navarre. Additionally, we have studied new findings that we have recovered from two dumps of the quarry. Regarding the paleontological collection we have identified four new taxa in Koskobilo: dhole (Cuon sp.), Barbary macaque (Macaca sylvanus), asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) and giant deer (Megacerini indet.). The presence of Ursus thibetanus with the already known presence of hippopotamus suggests that, at least, part of this paleontological collection has a Middle Pleistocene chronology. Additionally, the size of the second upper molars of the cave bears (Ursus spelaeus) suggests that at least another part of the collection was deposited during the Upper Pleistocene. The lithic collection, which was started to be recovered 10 years after the faunal collection, has yielded a few tools that can be ascribed to the Lower or Early Middle Paleolithic which could be roughly contemporaneous with the faunal collection. However, most of them are from the Upper Paleolithic and younger than the presence of the cave bears: Solutrean and Final Upper Magdalenian/Azilian, with the presence of a workshop of Solutrean bifacial points, unique in the northern Iberian peninsula. The data obtained from this study points towards the presence of two caves or cave sectors in which archaeopaleontological evidence from at least four moments of the Prehistory were recorded.