LOW CARBON ENERGY (REVIEW). 1. PROBLEMS AND FORECASTS

The problems associated with the implementation of the strategy of low-carbon development of the economy of the world and Ukraine are noted, ways to reduce the carbon intensity of the economy are outlined, a new scientific direction is formulated and initially developed to establish and improve the energy efficiency of industry and the construction and housing sector, including end-users-regulators, active consumers. The main attention is paid to the development of energy efficiency (the main and cheapest energy resource) and the development of renewable energy - two basic directions for achieving a global decarbonized economy. At the same time, a positive feature of Ukraine is the presence of powerful nuclear generation and obligations to integrate energy systems with European ENTSO-E and ENTSO-G. It is noted that carbon neutrality is one of the UN sustainable development goals, which must be achieved with careful miscalculations of possible scenarios, while maintaining a balance between global environmental problems and the national interests of countries. Therefore, there should be joint economic growth with the reformatting of the energy system based on intelligent "green" technologies and also ensuring the principles of social justice.