病毒性乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎列为职业病

F. M. Yakupova, R. Garipova, F. S. Gilmullina, J. M. Sozinova, M. M. Zagidov
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摘要

目的:了解医务人员乙型和丙型病毒性肝炎的临床、流行病学特点及医学、社会方面的情况。材料和方法:分析在鞑靼斯坦共和国职业病理中心和以A.F. Agafonov教授命名的共和国感染临床医院咨询和诊断部登记的诊断为慢性病毒性乙型、丙型、B + C型、B + D型不同阶段和活动程度的医务工作者的门诊和住院记录。利用谷歌表格对喀山医科大学的医务工作者和高年级学生进行了一项在线社会学调查。结果:从事侵入性医疗干预相关工作的医务人员感染血源性感染的风险最高。所有的医务工作者都有事故史——针扎、割伤、溅血。肝硬化的发展和肝硬化失代偿中存在的致命结果反映了慢性丙型肝炎的普遍问题——尽管在定期体检中医务工作者在感染的早期阶段检测到肝炎病毒,但缺乏及时有效的抗病毒治疗。结论:在鞑靼斯坦卫生保健工作者的职业发病率结构中,病毒性肝炎占16.7%。无论受教育程度和地位如何,包括医科大学的学生,在工作实习期间,在志愿者的基础上提供帮助,仍然有感染病毒性肝炎的风险。针对病毒性乙型肝炎的疫苗接种/再接种受到法规的管制,并向所有患有病毒性丙型肝炎的卫生保健工作者展示。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Viral hepatitis B and C as occupational diseases
Objective: to study the clinical and epidemiological features and medical and social aspects of viral hepatitis B and C in medical workers. Materials and methods: analysis of outpatient and inpatient records of medical workers with a diagnosis of chronic viral hepatitis B, C, B + C, B + D of various stages and degrees of activity, registered at the Republican Center of Occupational Pathology of the Republic of Tatarstan and the consultative and diagnostic department of the Republican Infectious Clinical Hospital named after prof. A.F. Agafonov. An on-line sociological survey of medical workers and senior students of medical universities in Kazan was conducted using the Google form. Results: medical personnel whose work is associated with the provision of invasive medical interventions are at the highest risk of infection with blood-borne infections. All medical workers had a history of accidents - needle sticks, cuts, blood spatter. The development of liver cirrhosis and the presence of lethal outcomes in liver cirrhosis decompensation reflect the general problem of chronic hepatitis C - the lack of timely effective antiviral therapy, despite the detection of hepatitis viruses in medical workers in the early stages of infection during periodic medical examinations. Conclusions: in the structure of occupational morbidity among healthcare workers in Tatarstan, viral hepatitis makes up 16.7%. There is still a risk of viral hepatitis infection in MRs of any level of education and status, including students of medical universities during work practice, assistance on a volunteer basis. Vaccination/revaccination against viral hepatitis B is regulated by regulations and shown to all healthcare workers with viral hepatitis C.
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