醛和缩醛

Patty's Toxicology Pub Date : 2012-08-17 DOI:10.1002/0471435139.TOX073.PUB2

M. Borchers

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引用次数: 11

摘要

有300多种醛存在于食物、水和空气中。由于羰基碳的亲电性，特别是当邻近碳-碳双键时，醛与硫醇和胺反应形成蛋白质-蛋白质、dna -蛋白质和DNA-DNA交联。尽管它们有可能造成细胞损伤，但缺乏大量醛类物质的毒理学和暴露数据。吸入和摄入的研究表明，在动物模型中，许多醛是刺激物，可以诱发肿瘤。甲醛被怀疑是一种致癌物，是这些化合物中研究最广泛的。综述了饱和醛的理化性质。给出了毒理学和健康影响。关键词:缩醛;脂肪族醛;芳香醛;清洁空气法;环保局;调味剂;甲醛;卤代醛;杂环醛;饱和脂肪醛;不饱和脂肪醛;脲醛树脂

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Aldehydes and Acetals

More than 300 aldehydes occur in foods, water, and air. Due to the electrophilicity of the carbonyl carbon, particularly when proximal to a carbon–carbon double bond, aldehydes react with thiols and amines to form protein–protein, DNA–protein, and DNA–DNA cross-links. Despite their potential for causing cell damage, toxicological and exposure data for a large number of aldehydes are lacking. Inhalation and ingestion studies have demonstrated that a number of aldehydes are irritants and can induce tumors in animal models. Formaldehyde, which is a suspected carcinogen, is the most widely studied of these compounds. The physicochemical properties of saturated aldehydes are summarized. Toxicological and health effects are given. Keywords: acetals; aliphatic dialdehydes; aromatic aldehydes; Clean Air Act; EPA; flavoring agents; formaldehyde; halogenated aldehydes; heterocyclic aldehydes; saturated aliphatic aldehydes; unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes; urea–formaldehyde resins

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Patty's Toxicology

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