选择退休年龄的轨迹是否与健康、工作能力和工作中的努力-回报不平衡有关?来自瑞典一项为期6年的纵向研究的发现

IF 2.7 2区 经济学 Q2 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS & LABOR
Marta Sousa-Ribeiro, Johanna Stengård, C. Leineweber, C. Bernhard‐Oettel
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引用次数: 0

摘要

偏好退休年龄(PRA)是研究退休决策的一个重要维度。然而,关于PRA如何在职业生涯后期发展知之甚少。本研究采用以人为中心的方法,纵向调查了PRA的轨迹,以及他们在基线水平和超过6年的时间里在自评健康、感知工作能力和努力-奖励不平衡(ERI)方面的差异。该研究使用了瑞典纵向职业健康调查的四波数据(2010年、2012年、2014年和2016年)。2010年,样本由1510名年龄在50-55岁之间的人组成,他们回答了基线时从事有偿工作(包括自营职业)的调查问卷,并至少回答了以下几波中的一波。潜在类别增长曲线模型的结果显示了6年期间PRA的内部和人与人之间的变异性。我们发现了四种不同的轨迹,它们在基线水平和PRA变化模式上都有所不同:“C1:规范的,相对稳定的PRA”(占所有参与者的42%);“C2:相当早,PRA增加”(6%的参与者);“C3:晚期,相对稳定的PRA”(4%的参与者);和“C4:早期,PRA增加”(49%的参与者)。参与者明显倾向于在65岁之前退休。包含早期PRA的轨迹显示出较差的自评健康、较差的工作能力和较高的ERI水平。研究结果强调了健康的工作环境的重要性,它能提高工作能力,促进努力与回报之间的平衡,从而鼓励人们延长工作寿命。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Are Trajectories of Preferred Retirement Ages Associated with Health, Work Ability and Effort–Reward Imbalance at Work? Findings from a 6-Year Swedish Longitudinal Study
Preferred retirement age (PRA) is one key dimension when studying retirement decision-making. However, little is known concerning how PRA develops over the late career years. This study used a person-centered approach to longitudinally investigate trajectories of PRA and how they differ in self-rated health, perceived work ability, and effort–reward imbalance (ERI) at baseline levels and over 6 years. The study used data from four waves (2010, 2012, 2014, and 2016) of the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health. The sample consisted of 1,510 individuals aged 50–55 in 2010, who answered to the questionnaire for those in paid work (including self-employment) at the baseline and at least one of the following waves. Results from the latent class growth curve modeling show both within- and between-person variability in PRA over the 6-year span. We found four distinct trajectories, which differed both at the baseline levels and in the patterns of change in PRA: “C1: normative, relatively stable PRA” (42% of all participants); “C2: considerably early, increasing PRA” (6% of the participants); “C3: late, relatively stable PRA” (4% of the participants); and “C4: early, increasing PRA” (49% of the participants). Participants revealed a clear preference for retirement before the age of 65. Trajectories comprising earlier PRA showed poorer self-rated health, poorer work ability, and higher levels of ERI at the baseline and over time. The findings reinforce the importance of healthy work environments that promote work ability and facilitate a balance between efforts and rewards for encouraging longer working lives.
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CiteScore
7.20
自引率
21.60%
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