大鼠常压缺氧早期通气、EELV和膈肌活动

Monique Bonora , Martin Vizek
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引用次数: 9

摘要

我们测试了急性缺氧引起的膈肌(De)呼气末活动的增强是否在长期缺氧中持续存在,并参与呼气末肺体积(EELV)的扩大。因此,我们测量了这两个参数以及30只大鼠的通气(V (E)),无论是清醒的还是麻醉的,暴露于(1)持续2或3小时的潜在缺氧;或(2)慢性常压缺氧7天,中间有短时间的常压发作。12只对照动物也进行了研究。(1)持续缺氧诱导De、Ve和EELV稳定升高。(2)在清醒大鼠中,慢性缺氧诱导Ve在缺氧1天后短暂升高,并在整个暴露过程中持续升高。De的发音和Ve一样,但没有那么明显。在麻醉动物中,在慢性缺氧和急性缺氧状态下,只有EELV升高,而在缺氧状态下,EELV的增大与De的升高无关。从缺氧到缺氧的过渡总是导致De和EELV的降低。因此,(1)在持续缺氧2或3 h时,通气和膈肌反应是稳定的;(2)在持续1周的慢性缺氧期间,通气适应表现为短暂的低氧Ve升高和急性缺氧期间持续的过度通气;(3)慢性缺氧时EELV增大,一方面与De的变化有关,另一方面可能与形态适应有关。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Ventilation, EELV and diaphragmatic activity in rats during the early phase of normobaric hypoxia

We tested whether the enhancement of end-expiratory activity of the diaphragm (De) induced by acute hypoxia persists during long-lasting hypoxia and participates in the enlargement of end-expiratory lung volume (EELV). We thus measured these two parameters together with ventilation (V̇E) in 30 rats, either awake or anesthetized, exposed to (1) poikilocapnic hypoxia sustained for 2 or 3 h; or (2) chronic normobaric hypoxia for 7 days interrupted by short episodes of normoxia. Twelve control animals were also studied. (1) Sustained hypoxia induced a stable increase in De, Ve and EELV. (2) In awake rats, chronic hypoxia induced a transient increase in Ve after 1 day of hypoxia, and an increase persisting during acute normoxia throughout the exposure. De followed the same, although less pronounced, course as Ve. In anesthetized animals, only EELV was increased in both chronic hypoxia and acute normoxia, but its enlargement in normoxia was not associated with a concomitant increase in De. The transition from hypoxia to normoxia always induced a decrease in De and EELV. Therefore, (1) during hypoxia sustained for 2 or 3 h, the ventilatory and diaphragmatic responses were stable; (2) during chronic hypoxia lasting 1 week, a ventilatory acclimatization was expressed by a transient increase in hypoxic Ve and a hyperventilation continuing during acute normoxia; (3) EELV enlargement in chronic hypoxia was partly related to changes in De and partly due to another mechanism possibly involving morphological adaptations.

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