来自印度上三叠世的一种巨型植龙(始祖龙纲),对植龙的迁徙、特有和灭绝有了新的认识

IF 2.3 2区 地球科学 Q1 PALEONTOLOGY
Debajit Datta, S. Ray
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引用次数: 2

摘要

在印度上三叠统提基组发现了一种新的神秘suchinae植物龙——巨兽suchus techniensis。巨鼻畸形的诊断是通过多种畸形,包括一个强烈下翻的末端玫瑰花座(约70°),鼻背表面紧密间隔的中外侧带状装饰,背外侧导向的颞上窗,腹外侧倾斜的后腭鳞片凹陷在颅表下方,背侧凸的顶骨鳞片凹陷在颅顶下方,侧位视图中的圆顶状颅骨,突出的神经弓层和窝,三节骶骨,胫骨近端粗壮,腓骨远端前后高度张开。从骨床中发现的最大个体的体长估计超过8米,这表明巨像龙是已知的最大的植物龙之一。系统发育分析:印度巨象和其他未描述标本在神秘猴科中的巢。它们形成了一个独特的分支,代表了冈瓦纳植物龙中最早的地方性记录。该分支作为((Volcanosuchus + Rutiodon) + leptosuomorpha)的姐妹分类群被恢复,其中凹陷的颞上窗首次出现在植物龙谱系中,这一特征先前用于诊断衍生的leptosuomorpha。植物龙的早期分化可能与卡尼洪积事件的最后阶段相吻合,它们可能沿着环特提斯海岸线迁徙。该谱系主要通过地方性辐射继续进化,并在挪威早期经历了一次灭绝事件,这标志着大多数非lepptosuchomorph分类群的消失。这归因于CPE后的干燥,尽管需要更多的研究。
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A giant phytosaur (Diapsida, Archosauria) from the Upper Triassic of India with new insights on phytosaur migration, endemism and extinction
A new Mystriosuchinae phytosaur, Colossosuchus techniensis, is described from the Upper Triassic Tiki Formation of India. Colossosuchus is diagnosed by multiple apomorphies, including a strongly downturned terminal rosette (c. 70°), closely spaced mediolateral band‐like ornamentation on dorsal surface of the nasal, dorsolaterally oriented supratemporal fenestra, ventrolaterally inclined postorbital–squamosal bars depressed below the skull table, dorsally convex parietal–squamosal bar that descends ventrolaterally below the skull roof, dome‐shaped skull in lateral view, prominent neural arch laminae and fossae, three sacral vertebrae, robust proximal end of the tibia, and fibula with high anteroposterior flaring of the distal end. The total body length of the largest individual recovered from the bonebed is estimated to be more than 8 m, suggesting that Colossosuchus is one of the largest phytosaurs known. Phylogenetic analysis nests Colossosuchus and other undescribed specimens from India within Mystriosuchinae. These form a distinct clade and represent the earliest record of endemism among Gondwanan phytosaurs. This clade is recovered as sister taxa to ((Volcanosuchus + Rutiodon) + Leptosuchomorpha), where the depressed supratemporal fenestra first appeared in the phytosaur lineage, a feature previously used to diagnose the derived leptosuchomorphs. Early‐diverging phytosaur diversification may have coincided with the final stages of the Carnian Pluvial Event with their possible migratory routes along the circum‐Tethyan coastline. The lineage continued to evolve mostly through endemic radiations and experienced an extinction event during early Norian, which marked the disappearance of most of the non‐leptosuchomorph taxa. This is attributed to post‐CPE aridification, although more study is required.
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来源期刊
Papers in Palaeontology
Papers in Palaeontology PALEONTOLOGY-
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
4.30%
发文量
55
期刊介绍: Papers in Palaeontology is the successor to Special Papers in Palaeontology and a journal of the Palaeontological Association (www.palass.org). The journal is devoted to the publication of papers that document the diversity of past life and its distribution in time and space. Papers in Palaeontology is devoted to the publication of papers that document the diversity of past life and its distribution in time and space. As a sister publication to Palaeontology its focus is on descriptive research, including the descriptions of new taxa, systematic revisions of higher taxa, detailed biostratigraphical and biogeographical documentation, and descriptions of floras and faunas from specific localities or regions. Most contributions are expected to be less than 30 pp long but longer contributions will be considered if the material merits it, including single topic parts. The journal publishes a wide variety of papers on palaeontological topics covering: palaeozoology, palaeobotany, systematic studies, palaeoecology, micropalaeontology, palaeobiogeography, functional morphology, stratigraphy, taxonomy, taphonomy, palaeoenvironmental reconstruction, palaeoclimate analysis, biomineralization studies.
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