The impact of exercises during the quarantine on the respiratory system functioning of people infected by SARS-CoV-2

Background: COVID-19 is a multi-organ disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. It is characterized by acute respiratory distress syndrome and disturbances in the functioning of the heart and kidneys. In March 2020, COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). Aims: This study aimed to determine the validity of using breathing exercises in patients with positive results of the SARS-CoV-2 test and those undergoing home quarantine due to contact with an infected person. Material and methods: The study group consisted of 61 people (29 people with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test, mean age 34 ± 78 years old, and 31 people not infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus, mean age 27 ± 77 years, undergoing home quarantine). The complete assessment consisted of 3 breathing tests (tasks) and a subjective 10-point scale modelled on the VAS scale. In addition, the assessment of the respiratory system functionality of the test group was examined twice, before and after 14 days of an exercise program consisting of 4 breathing exercises. Results: The use of breathing exercises significantly influenced the functioning of the respiratory system in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 by increasing the respiratory efficiency after 14 days. Uninfected people did not obtain significantly better results, and men achieved better results than women in breathing tests before and after two weeks of exercise. Smoking was not associated with the results obtained. Conclusion: Physiotherapy is essential for patients infected with COVID-19.