Mycobacterium avium complex infection simulating lung cancer in AIDS patient after immune reconstitution with antiretroviral therapy

Mycobacterium avium intracellulare complex (MAC) infection is a common cause of significant morbidity and mortality among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. It usually presents as a systemic disease process. Endobronchial disease secondary to MAC is distinctly rare and can be a manifestation of the immune reconstitution in response to the highly active antiretroviral therapy. The purpose of this report is to document a case of MAC-related pulmonary mass associated causing endobronchial lesion simulating lung cancer in a patient with immune reconstitution with AIDS along with review of the relevant literature.