Assessment of bioscompatibility of isocyanurate-containing polyurethanes with ifosphamide by in vivo and in vitro methods.

Background. The creation of polymeric composite materials with pronounced biological activity, which are able to act as implants with local prolonged action of the immobilized substance can be widely used in medical practice. Objective. Study of cellular reactions of surrounding tissues of experimental animals to implantation of polymeric composite materials based on isocyanurate-containing polyurethanes with ifosfamide, study of histotoxicity of the obtained materials by tissue culture method. Methods. Polymeric composite materials based on isocyanate-containing polyurethanes without and with ifosfamide were implanted into the body of white laboratory Wistar rats. Cellular responses of the organism and possible changes in the structure of test specimens after implantation were studied by light microscopy by analysis of histological micropreparations. In order to study the peculiarities of the dynamics of growth and development of fibroblastic elements, the method of tissue culture was used. Results. Conducted biological studies by in vivo and in vitro methods allowed to evaluate the effect of immobilized ifosfamide in the structure of isocyanurate-containing polyurethanes on cellular reactions of surrounding tissues during implantation in experimental animals, as well as the effect of extracts from developed polymer samples on cultured cell growth. Conclusion. It was found that the implantation of isocyanurate-containing polyurethanes with ifosfamide led to the development of intense cellular reactions in the area of implant placement, primarily the reaction of round cell elements. The presence of ifosfamide in the structure of the polymeric implantation material probably affected the proliferation of cellular elements, inhibited regenerative processes in the early stages of the study and delayed the formation of a mature connective tissue capsule around the implanted samples. The tissue culture method showed that when making an extract of isocyanurate-containing polyurethanes with ifosfamide in the culture medium, there was a large variability of cell forms, which led to the appearance of macrophage-like elements.