飞机废水分析图谱——一种绘制全球药物使用和滥用模式的新矩阵

IF 1 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL
M. Mardal, F. Aarestrup, B. Rasmussen, C. Mollerup, P. Dalsgaard, K. Linnet
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引用次数: 0

摘要

关于治疗药物(TD)和非法药物(ID)的全球处方和消费模式的知识有限。汇集尿液分析和基于废水的流行病学(WBE)已被用于地方药物筛选。然而,由于难以获得样本,研究全球流行病学是困难的。本研究的目的是测试按地理来源分类的飞机废水样本中TD和ID的可检出性。从长途飞行中收集的废水样品(n= 17),采用酶共轭裂解法制备,然后进行沉淀或固相萃取。用不同的液相色谱-质谱联用仪对等分液进行了分析。根据其解剖治疗化学(ATC)编码对TDs进行分组。鉴定置信度被划分为三个级别,基于变量包括对多个仪器的检测和每个化合物的目标数量。总共鉴定出424种化合物,分布在87个独特的TD和2个ID上。主成分分析中的两个主成分分离了三组废水样本,对应于飞机的地理来源,以治疗亚组ATC代码为变量。飞机废水分析有助于确定WBE和毒理学分析的靶点,探索药物使用和滥用模式。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Analytical Profiling of Airplane Wastewater - a New Matrix for Mapping Worldwide Patterns of Drug Use and Abuse
Abstract There is limited knowledge on the global prescription and consumption patterns of therapeutic (TD) and illicit drugs (ID). Pooled urine analysis and wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has been used for local-based drug screening. It is, however, difficult to study the global epidemiology due to difficulties in obtaining samples. The aims of the study were to test the detectability of TD and ID in airplane wastewater samples categorized according to their geographical origin. Wastewater samples (n= 17) were collected from long-distance flights and prepared with enzymatic conjugate cleaving followed by either precipitation or solid phase extraction. Aliquots were analysed on various liquid chromatography – mass spectrometers. TDs were grouped according to their Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) codes. Identification confidence was assigned to three levels based on variables including detection on multiple instruments and number of targets per compound. A total of 424 compounds were identified across all samples, distributed on 87 unique TD and 2 ID. Two principal components in a principal component analysis separated three clusters of wastewater samples corresponding to geographical origin of the airplanes with therapeutic subgroup ATC codes as variables. Airplane wastewater analysis is useful for identifying targets for WBE and toxicological analysis and explore drug use and abuse patterns.
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