食品添加剂复合物影响大鼠肾上腺髓质小动脉壁厚的形态学变化

Розвитку Сучасної, Медицини І Стоматології
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引用次数: 0

摘要

介绍。品味在人类生活中起着至关重要的作用。味觉不仅是一种保护机制,我们认识到产品适合消费,也是一种从美味食物中获得积极情绪的方式。每天都有一个人食用含有食品添加剂的食品[1-3]。食品添加剂是添加到食品原料、成品和半成品中的一组天然或合成物质,使其具有特定的味道特性、良好的外观和延长储存时间。我们研究的最常见的添加剂是味精(E621)、亚硝酸钠(E250)和蓬索4R (E124)。不幸的是,这些添加剂危害人体健康并引起严重疾病。应特别注意这些补品对肾上腺的影响,因为它们会破坏肾上腺的功能并引起肿瘤疾病。研究的目的。测定大鼠肾上腺髓质小动脉壁厚在食品添加剂复合物影响下的形态变化。主要部分。对80只大鼠进行了实验研究。对照组大鼠口服饮水和生理盐水。实验组大鼠灌服10%亚硝酸钠(e250)溶液;味精(E621)以20 mg/kg的剂量加入0.5 ml蒸馏水中;Ponceau 4R -剂量为5mg /kg,加入0.5 ml蒸馏水中,每日口服一次。食品添加剂的用量比食品中允许的标准低两倍。1、4、8、12、16周后,乙醚麻醉下断头离体。然后,用福尔马林固定的碎片用石蜡密封。随后,使用Biorex光学显微镜和DSM 900数码显微镜检查苏木精和伊红染色的切片。将所研究的材料用戊二醛固定,用EPON-812密封,得到半薄切片。准备好的切片用甲苯胺蓝染色。形态学测量法测定了肾上腺髓质小动脉的壁厚。数据处理采用Excel程序进行。形态计量学研究发现,大鼠肾上腺的血液微循环通道(HMCB)发育良好且多组分。通过模拟食品添加剂的实验效果,我们发现了髓质血管的规律反应及其结构重排。在对对照组大鼠髓质小动脉平均总壁厚进行形态计量学研究时,确定小动脉平均总壁厚为(1.54±0.01)μm。动物使用食品添加剂后,形态计量指标发生显著变化。第1周后,该指标为(1.51±0.03)μm,比对照组低1.95%。第4周,该指标为(1.58±0.04)μm,较对照组提高2.59%。8周后,该指标比对照组低(1.52±0.05)μm - 1.29%。在第12周和第16周,小动脉总壁厚的平均值发生了显著变化,分别为(1.68±0.06)μm和(1.72±0.07)μm,分别比对照组高9.09%和11.68%。结论。在食品添加剂复合物对大鼠肾上腺髓质小动脉平均总壁厚指标的影响下,在研究的初始阶段观察到痉挛,这是由食品添加剂的改变作用和小动脉壁厚度的增加引起的,这表明违反了血流动力学条件。在实验后期,观察到炎症反应和缺氧的发展,导致代偿-恢复机制的激活,但没有完全恢复。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
MORPHOMETRIC CHANGES IN THE WALL THICKNESS OF MEDULLAS ARTERIOLES OF THE RATS ADRENAL GLANDS AFTER THE INFLUENCE OF A FOOD ADDITIVE COMPLEX
Introduction. Taste plays an essential role in human life. Taste is not only a protective mechanism we recognize the suitability of products for consumption but also a way to get positive emotions from delicious food. Every day, a person consumes food products that contain food additives [1-3]. Food additives are a group of natural or synthetic substances added to food raw materials, finished products and semi-finished products to give them specific taste properties, a good appearance and increase the duration of storage. The most common additives we study are monosodium glutamate (E621), sodium nitrite (E250) and Ponceau 4R (E124). Unfortunately, these additives harm human health and cause serious diseases. Particular attention should be paid to the effect of these supplements on the adrenal glands, as they can cause disruption of their function and cause oncological diseases. Aim of the study. To determine the morphometric changes in the wall thickness of the arterioles of the medulla of the adrenal glands of rats under the influence of a food additive complex. Main part. An experimental study was conducted on 80 rats. The control group of rats consumed drinking water and saline orally. Rats from the experimental group were given to drink a 10% solution of sodium nitrite (E 250); monosodium glutamate (E621) was administered at a dose of 20 mg/kg in 0.5 ml of distilled water; Ponceau 4R – at a dose of 5 mg/kg in 0.5 ml of distilled water once a day orally. Dosages of food additives were two times lower than the permissible norm in food products. After 1, 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks, rats were removed from the experiment by decapitation under ether anesthesia. Then, the fragments fixed in formalin were sealed in paraffin. Subsequently, the sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin were examined using a Biorex light microscope with a DSM 900 digital photomicroscope. In order to obtain semi-thin sections, the studied material was fixed in glutaraldehyde and sealed in EPON-812. Ready sections were stained with toluidine blue. The morphometric method determined the wall thickness of the medulla adrenal glands' arteriolas. Data processing was carried out using the Excel program. During the morphometric study, it was found that the hemomicrocirculatory channel (HMCB) of the adrenal glands of rats is well-developed and multi-component. After modelling the experimental effect of food additives, we discovered the regular reactions of the vessels of the medulla and their structural rearrangement. During the morphometric study of the average total wall thickness of arterioles of the medulla of the control group, it was established that the average total wall thickness of arterioles was (1.54±0.01) μm. After animals use food additives, morphometric indicators change significantly. After the 1st week, the indicator was (1.51±0.03) μm, 1.95% less than the control value. In the 4th week, this indicator was (1.58±0.04) μm, 2.59% more than the control value. After the 8th week, the indicator was (1.52±0.05) μm – 1.29% less than the control. On the 12th and 16th weeks, the average of the arteriole's total wall thickness changed significantly and amounted to (1.68±0.06) μm and (1.72±0.07) μm, which is by 9.09% and 11.68% higher than the control, respectively. Conclusions. Under the influence of a food additive complex on the indicators of the average total wall thickness of arterioles of the medulla of the rat's adrenal glands, a spasm was observed in the initial stages of the study, caused by the altering effect of food additives and an increase in the thickness of the arteriole wall, which indicates a violation of hemodynamic conditions. In the later stages of the experiment, the development of inflammatory reactions and hypoxia was observed, which led to the activation of compensatory-restorative mechanisms, but complete recovery did not occur.
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