V. Bakirov
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引用次数: 1

摘要

本文考察了基斯蒂亚基夫斯基的社会学观点,以及他在社会学思想史上的地位和作用。叙述了这位科学家的人生轨迹、科学兴趣的形成和演变。研究表明,基斯蒂亚基夫斯基社会学观点的形成并非发生在充斥着民粹主义理想、实证主义概念以及某种程度上的“法律马克思主义”思想的俄罗斯学术环境中,而是发生在以西美尔、韦伯、塔尔德、冯特以及哲学新康德主义为代表的西欧社会学思想和社会心理学思潮的影响背景下。新康德哲学思想和态度、西欧法律学说,这些都是基斯塔基夫斯基在德国大学学习期间所熟悉的,这些决定了他对社会认知方法论、法律社会学以及作为民主法律文化精髓的宪政主义的基本兴趣。在新康德主义的影响下,基什基夫斯基深入研究了社会现象的科学知识的细节,他是世界社会学中第一个(如果不是第一个)尝试对社会认知本身,特别是社会学科学进行系统的逻辑和方法论认识的人之一。分析了基斯蒂亚基夫斯基对社会学作为一门科学的本质和任务的各种解释的立场。他对社会学知识的逻辑和方法论基础的发展、对社会学主观主义和自然主义的批判、对克服社会科学危机状态的建议以及对社会必然性和有意识的人类活动相结合问题的解决方案的贡献都得到了突出的体现。B. Kistyakivsky对乌克兰问题的态度,他对乌克兰文化的奉献,他在创建乌克兰科学院中的作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Bohdan Kistyakivsky and Sociology
The article examines the sociological views of B. Kistyakivsky, his place and role in the history of sociological thought. The scientist's life path, formation and evolution of his scientific interests are traced. It is shown that the formation of B. Kistyakivsky's sociological views did not take place in the Russian academic environment, saturated with populist ideals, positivist concepts and, to some extent, the ideas of "legal Marxism", but in the context of the influential trends of Western European sociological thought and social psychology represented by G.Simmel, M.Weber, G. Tarde, W.Wundt, as well as philosophical neo-Kantianism (G.Rickert, W.Windelband), Neo-Kantian philosophical ideas and attitudes, Western European legal doctrines, which Kistyakivsky became familiar with during his studies at German universities determined his fundamental interest in the methodology of social cognition, in the sociology of law, in constitutionalism as the quintessence of democratic legal culture. Under the influence of neo-Kantianism, B.Kistyakivsky delved into the specifics of scientific knowledge of social phenomena, he was one of the first (if not the first) in world sociology to attempt a systemic logical and methodological awareness of social cognition as such and sociological science in particular. The positions of B. Kistiakivskiу regarding various interpretations of the essence and tasks of sociology as a science were analyzed. His contribution to the development of the logical and methodological foundations of sociological knowledge, criticism of subjectivism and naturalism in sociological science, his proposals for overcoming the crisis state of social sciences, and his proposed solution to the problem of combining social necessity and conscious human activity are highlighted. The attitude of B. Kistyakivsky to the Ukrainian question, his dedication to Ukrainian culture, his role in the creation of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences is shown.
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