Predictors and Outcomes of Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Background and objectives: The risk of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction is higher due to antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents along with revascularization. There are limited data about predictors and implications of gastrointestinal bleeding in acute myocardial infarction. Our research aims to investigate the incidence, predictors, clinical outcomes associated with gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Patients and methods: Cross sectional study was conducted. All patients diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction at Tam Duc Heart hospital from January 2013 to March 2017 were enrolled. Results: A total of 643 patients with acute myocardial infarction were included (67.2 ± 13.8 years). Gastrointestinal bleeding occurred in 9.5%. Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that female (OR 2.21; CI95%: 1.02- 4.74; p=0.044), pneumonia (OR 2.76; CI95%: 1.25-6.08; p=0.012), impared renal function (OR 4.65; CI95%: 2.08- 10.4; p<0.001) were independent predictors of gastrointestinal bleeding. Gastrointestinal bleeding was significantly associated with prolonged hospital stay (21.8 vs. 9.7 days; p<0.01), increased the need of transfusion (39.4% vs. 3.9%; p<0.001), higher in-hospital mortality (21.3% vs. 7.2%; p<0.01). Conclusion: The rate of gastrointestinal bleeding was 9.5%. Female, pneumonia, impared renal function were independent predictors in patients with acute myocardial infartion.