An Analysis of Neighbor Discovery Protocol Attacks

Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP) is a network protocol used in IPv6 networks to manage communication between neighboring devices. NDP is responsible for mapping IPv6 addresses to MAC addresses and discovering the availability of neighboring devices on the network. The main risk of deploying NDP on public networks is the potential for hackers or attackers to launch various types of attacks, such as address spoofing attacks, denial-of-service attacks, and man-in-the-middle attacks. Although Secure Neighbor Discovery (SEND) is implemented to secure NDP, its complexity and cost hinder its widespread deployment. This research emphasizes the potential hazard of deploying IPv6 networks in public spaces, such as airports, without protecting NDP messages. These risks have the potential to crash the entire local network. To demonstrate these risks, the GNS3 testbed environment is used to generate NDP attacks and capture the resulting packets using Wireshark for analysis. The analysis results reveal that with just a few commands, attackers can execute various NDP attacks. This highlights the need to protect against the potential issues that come with deploying IPv6 on widely accessible public networks. In addition, the analysis result shows that NDP attacks have behavior that can be used to define various NDP attacks.