评估白癜风与心血管疾病危险因素的关系

Syed Minhaj Rahman, Matthew Wang, Fahad Ahmed, Mohammad Jafferany
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引用次数: 0

摘要

新型联合免疫疗法的进展以及创新的下游管理课程为新兴癌症免疫疗法在冷肿瘤前瞻性治疗中的适用性提供了极大的乐观。这篇综述全面分析和讨论了该领域当前值得注意的研究方向,并强调了未来科学进展和相关临床应用的方向。白癜风是一种自身免疫性疾病,其特征是皮肤斑点的白色脱色。虽然白癜风通常被认为是一种美容疾病,但文献中有更广泛的系统性合并症,包括更高的动脉粥样硬化事件、血脂异常和心血管风险。据作者所知,这是第一个评估白癜风与心血管疾病(CVD)/CVD相关因素之间关系的系统综述。利用系统评价和荟萃分析(PRISMA)指南的首选报告项目,作者检索了PubMed和Scopus数据库,以确定截至2022年6月30日的可用研究,检查白癜风患者的CVD和CVD相关危险因素。在2553篇文章中,有7篇研究(4篇横断面研究和3篇病例对照研究),共611例诊断为白癜风的患者(56.3%为女性)符合作者的纳入标准。六项研究表明,白癜风患者与心血管疾病风险增加之间存在显著关联,包括动脉粥样硬化事件增加、限制性运动治疗、斑块存在、血脂异常、高敏c反应蛋白、氧化应激,以及维生素D、钙、锌和抗氧化剂水平降低。然而,一项研究发现,白癜风患者心血管危险因素较少,高密度脂蛋白水平升高。虽然很少有研究表明低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇和总胆固醇升高会增加动脉粥样硬化风险,但在其他研究中高密度脂蛋白和总胆固醇水平的矛盾表明需要进一步研究。最后,白癜风严重程度与心血管疾病风险之间的关系也表明了相互矛盾的结果。作者的小样本量限制了他们比较人群的能力,也限制了他们将种族和民族多样性纳入归纳结论的能力。需要进一步的研究来全面了解白癜风与心血管疾病风险之间的关系。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Assessing the Relationship Between Vitiligo and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors
Advancements in novel combination immunotherapies as well as innovative downstream management courses offer great optimism for the applicability of emerging cancer immunotherapy to prospective treatment of cold tumours. This review comprehensively analyses and discusses notable current research directions in the field and underscores future directions for continued scientific progress alongside relevant clinical applications. Vitiligo is an autoimmune disorder characterised by white depigmented cutaneous macules. Although vitiligo may generally be considered a cosmetic disease, literature has associated broader systemic comorbidities, including a higher risk for atherosclerotic events, dyslipidaemia, and cardiovascular risk. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first systematic review that assesses the association between vitiligo and cardiovascular disease (CVD)/CVD-associated factors. Utilising the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, the authors searched PubMed and Scopus databases to identify studies available as of 30th June 2022, examining CVD and CVD-associated risk factors in patients with vitiligo. Of 2,553 articles, seven studies (four cross-sectional and three case-control), totalling 611 patients diagnosed with vitiligo (56.3% female), met the inclusion criteria for the authors’ review. Six studies suggested a significant association between patients with vitiligo and an increased risk for CVD via increased atherosclerotic events, constraint-induced movement therapy, plaque presence, dyslipidaemia, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, oxidative stress, as well as decreased levels of vitamin D, calcium, zinc, and antioxidants. However, one study found that patients with vitiligo presented with fewer cardiovascular risk factors and increased levels of high-density lipoprotein. Although few studies indicated an increase in atherosclerotic risk due to elevated low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and total cholesterol, contradictory high-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol levels in additional studies indicate the need for further investigation. Lastly, the association between vitiligo severity and CVD risk also indicated conflicting results. The authors’ small sample size restrained their ability to compare populations and incorporate racial and ethnic diversity to generalise their conclusions. Additional studies are required to comprehensively understand the association between vitiligo and the risk of CVD.
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