打击大数据时代的警察歧视

IF 0.4 Q2 Social Sciences
Sharad Goel, M. Perelman, Ravi Shroff, D. Sklansky
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引用次数: 41

摘要

关于警察日常活动的现有信息呈指数级增长,为提高警察工作的公平性和效率提供了新的机会。我们通过展示如何通过现代大规模数据集实现的一种特定计算来说明这一点——确定拦截和搜身特定行人的可能性将导致发现违禁品或其他犯罪活动的证据——可以用来减少行人搜查的种族差异影响并提高其有效性。然而,要使这类工具在改善警务方面发挥其全部潜力,法律体系需要进行调整。一个重要的变化将是理解警察的策略,如对行人或驾车者的调查拦截是一个程序,而不是孤立的事件。除此之外,司法部门还需要对歧视性警务的统计证据更加放心,警察也需要更容易接受算法在减少偏见方面提供的帮助。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Combatting Police Discrimination in the Age of Big Data
The exponential growth of available information about routine police activities offers new opportunities to improve the fairness and effectiveness of police practices. We illustrate the point by showing how a particular kind of calculation made possible by modern, large-scale datasets — determining the likelihood that stopping and frisking a particular pedestrian will result in the discovery of contraband or other evidence of criminal activity — could be used to reduce the racially disparate impact of pedestrian searches and to increase their effectiveness. For tools of this kind to achieve their full potential in improving policing, though, the legal system will need to adapt. One important change would be to understand police tactics such as investigatory stops of pedestrians or motorists as programs, not as isolated occurrences. Beyond that, the judiciary will need to grow more comfortable with statistical proof of discriminatory policing, and the police will need to be more receptive to the assistance that algorithms can provide in reducing bias.
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来源期刊
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期刊介绍: Focused on examinations of crime and punishment in domestic, transnational, and international contexts, New Criminal Law Review provides timely, innovative commentary and in-depth scholarly analyses on a wide range of criminal law topics. The journal encourages a variety of methodological and theoretical approaches and is a crucial resource for criminal law professionals in both academia and the criminal justice system. The journal publishes thematic forum sections and special issues, full-length peer-reviewed articles, book reviews, and occasional correspondence.
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