功能失调高密度脂蛋白:蛋白质组学和脂质组学的创新靶点

Cholesterol Pub Date : 2015-11-08 DOI:10.1155/2015/296417
J. Salazar, L. Olivar, E. Ramos, Mervin Chávez-Castillo, Joselyn Rojas, Valmore Bermúdez
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引用次数: 31

摘要

高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-C)被认为是预防心血管疾病的重要保护因子,大量证据表明其血清水平与心血管疾病的风险呈负相关,并具有各种抗动脉粥样硬化、抗氧化和抗炎特性。然而,在没有过早动脉粥样硬化疾病的情况下,对以HDL-C浓度不足为特征的遗传性综合征的观察表明,HDL-C水平可能不是心血管疾病的最佳预测指标。事实上,高密度脂蛋白的有益作用可能不仅仅取决于它们的浓度,还取决于它们的质量。这种脂蛋白的不同亚组分似乎是由不同生理和病理生理功能所必需的特定蛋白-脂聚集体构成的。然而,在慢性炎症微环境中,HDL蛋白质组和脂质核心的不同成分受到改变,从而推动向功能失调状态的转变,HDL- c成为促动脉粥样硬化、促氧化和促炎症。这种异质性强调了在这方面进一步专业化分子研究的必要性,以便更好地理解这种功能失调状态;重点是蛋白质组学和脂质组学在寻找心血管疾病新治疗方法中的潜在作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Dysfunctional High-Density Lipoprotein: An Innovative Target for Proteomics and Lipidomics
High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (HDL-C) is regarded as an important protective factor against cardiovascular disease, with abundant evidence of an inverse relationship between its serum levels and risk of cardiovascular disease, as well as various antiatherogenic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Nevertheless, observations of hereditary syndromes featuring scant HDL-C concentration in absence of premature atherosclerotic disease suggest HDL-C levels may not be the best predictor of cardiovascular disease. Indeed, the beneficial effects of HDL may not depend solely on their concentration, but also on their quality. Distinct subfractions of this lipoprotein appear to be constituted by specific protein-lipid conglomerates necessary for different physiologic and pathophysiologic functions. However, in a chronic inflammatory microenvironment, diverse components of the HDL proteome and lipid core suffer alterations, which propel a shift towards a dysfunctional state, where HDL-C becomes proatherogenic, prooxidant, and proinflammatory. This heterogeneity highlights the need for further specialized molecular studies in this aspect, in order to achieve a better understanding of this dysfunctional state; with an emphasis on the potential role for proteomics and lipidomics as valuable methods in the search of novel therapeutic approaches for cardiovascular disease.
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