Inflammatory bowel disease with thrombosis: a single center retrospective study

Objective To analyze the clinical features and clinical significance of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) complicated by thrombosis. Methods From March 14th, 2001 to February sixth 2017, at Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, 27 IBD patients with thrombosis diagnosed by clinical symptoms, endoscopy, imaging and pathology were enrolled. During the same period, 81 gender and age matched IBD patients without thrombosis were included in the control group. The basic data, information of IBD diagnosis and treatment and thrombotic events of patients were collected and analyzed. T-test and Chi-square test were performed for statistical analysis. Binary logistics regression was used for risk factors analysis. Results The mean age of diagnosis of IBD patients with thrombosis was (44.8±15.8) years, which was higher than that of the IBD patients of control group ((36.0±14.4) years), and the difference was statistically significant (t=2.69, P=0.008). Among 27 IBD patients with thrombosis, arterial thrombosis was 51.9%(14/27), deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremity veins was 29.6%(8/27), portal venous system involved was 11.1% (3/27), pulmonary embolism was 3.7%(1/27) and disseminated intravascular coagulation accounted for 7.4%(2/27). Nine patients (33.3%, 9/27) underwent surgery six months before the diagnosis of thrombosis. The results of binary logistic regression indicated that the age of diagnosis and vascular catheterization were independent risk factors for thrombosis in IBD patients (odds ratio (OR)=1.04, 95%confidence interval (CI)1.01 to 1.07, P=0.01; OR=5.64, 95%CI 1.39 to 22.96, P=0.02). After medicine treatment or surgery, 81.5%(22/27) of the patients improved, 9.1%(2/22) were worse and 13.6%(3/22) died. Conclusion Screening and prevention of thrombosis should be paid attention in IBD patients with a history of vascular catheterization, at active phase and older age when diagnosed. Key words: Inflammatory bowel diseases; Venous thrombosis; Risk factors