热量表运行过程中的计量特性控制

O.O. Zaitseva, S. Cherednychenko, Ye.M. Hryshchenko, O.I. Iatsiuta
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摘要

本文的目的是考虑单个热量表在运行过程中的校准特点。运行结果热表属于法定计量领域,其测量结果用于供暖和热水供应的消费者和供热供应商之间的计算,因此在使用过程中和维修后需要定期验证。所谓的单热表已广泛应用于空间供热的独立热计量单元的设备中。单热计的特点是,对它们来说,测量热量的误差是归一化的,实验确定的,而不是将其划分为组件的误差。提供给热计输入的物理量可复制тепло热载体消耗和热载体温度。在这种情况下,流动单元中的水温对应于环境温度,恒温器中的温度对应于供回流中的温度。然而,对于基于超声波清洗冷却液流的方法的热计,通过补偿冷却液温度引起的超声波速度变化,由于用恒定值代替可变超声波速度的方法误差,这种校准技术不能应用。为了确保验证结果的可靠性,开发了一种方法,根据该方法,验证分两个阶段进行。在第一阶段,测量流量时确定热量表的误差,即热量表的读数与溢出装置再现的流量参考值之间的差。在这种情况下,热量表的温度过热器放置在恒温器中,恒温器的温度等于浇注单元中的水的温度。这消除了由于恒温器和浇注单元温度不匹配造成的方法误差。在第二阶段,在测量温度和计算热量时确定热量表的误差。在这种情况下,恒温器中的参考值和热电池在测量热载体消耗时的读数作为可再现值的参考值。单个热量表的总误差定义为在第一和第二阶段验证中获得的误差的总和。结论在运行过程中对热量表进行校准,有助于获得可靠的住宅存量热耗测量结果,并在此基础上制定合理利用能源的措施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
CONTROL OF METROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HEAT METERS DURING OPERATION
Purpose The purpose of this article is to consider the features of calibration of single heat meters during operation. Results of operation Heat meters belong to the field of legally regulated metrology, as their measurement results are used in calculations between consumers and suppliers of heat for heating and hot water supply, so they are subject to periodic verification during operation and after repair. The so-called single heat meters have been widely used in the equipment of individual heat metering units for space heating. The peculiarity of single heat meters is that for them the error in measuring the amount of heat is normalized and experimentally determined without dividing it into the errors of the components. The physical quantities supplied to the heat meter inputs are reproduced тепло the heat carrier consumption and the heat carrier temperature. In this case, the water temperature in the flow unit corresponds to the ambient temperature, and the temperature in the thermostats to the temperatures in the supply and return flows. However, for heat meters based on ultrasonic method of washing the coolant flow with compensation of changes in the speed of ultrasound from the temperature of the coolant, this calibration technique cannot be applied due to a methodological error from replacing the variable speed of ultrasound with a constant value. To ensure the reliability of the verification results, a methodology was developed, according to which the verification is carried out in two stages. At the first stage, the error of the heat meter is determined when measuring the flow rate as the difference between the readings of the heat meter and the reference value of the flow rate reproduced by the spill unit. In this case, the temperature superheater of the heat meter is placed in a thermostat with a temperature equal to the temperature of the water in the pouring unit. This eliminates the methodological error from the temperature mismatch in the thermostat and in the pouring unit. In the second stage, the error of the heat meter is determined when measuring the temperature and calculating the amount of heat. In this case, the reference values ​​in the thermostats and the readings of the heat cell when measuring the consumption of the heat carrier are taken as the reference values ​​of the reproducible values. The total error of a single heat meter is defined as the sum of the errors obtained during the first and second stages of verification. Conclusion Calibration of heat meters during operation contributes to obtaining reliable results of measurements of the amount of heat consumed in the housing stock, and the development on the basis of these results of measures aimed at the rational use of energy resources.
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