中亚档案史:古代

IF 0.2 Q4 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
Sherzodjon Choriyev, G. Shaydullaeva, Zumrad Raxmonkulova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文以近几十年来在中亚开展的考古研究为基础,对中亚档案史文献进行了研究。迄今为止,还没有对中亚古代档案进行过实际的复杂研究。根据某些事实,本文描述了居住在现在的乌兹别克斯坦境内的古代人的生活经历,并说明了保存文件和以岩画和档案文件-图书馆的形式代代相传的过程。这些参考文献表明,在花剌子模存在着古代文字。根据科学家的科学研究,可以得出结论,在古代陶瓷手工艺品上发现的文字元素可能被认为是在现在乌兹别克斯坦境内发现的早期经济档案的样本。在伊朗和中亚的阿哈马尼王朝时期,楔形文字在整个帝国领土上广泛使用,阿拉姆文字并不是唯一的文书语言。正如文中所指出的,根据其地理范围,大夏语排在Sogd语之后,Sogd语在从印度延伸到东突厥斯坦的领土上广泛使用。Kushanids和Ephtalits这两个最大的帝国以及Takhirids都使用了这种文字,这一事实证明了古代大夏语在古代民族生活中的重要性。这篇论文还显示了在Surkh-Kutal, Rabotak进行谈判时使用的大夏语的相似属性,与亚述巴尼拔图书馆文件中信件样本中使用的文字,以及刻在岩石上的颂歌,国家公共决定和宗教信息的Het文字。也有一些证据证明,在中亚古代统治者的住所中存在特定的档案,如Toprak Kala (Khorezm)和Mug '山(Devashtich档案)。特别是在皇家档案馆,有一个系统的档案工作,皮革和木材等材料被广泛使用来固定数据。私人信件、外交信函、合同和经济记录等文件都保存在这一时期。还应当指出,在这个时代,文书工作得到了大大加强。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The history of archives in Central Asia: ancient times
The article devoted studies of the documents on the history of the archives in Central Asia on the basis of archeological researches having been conducted in Central Asia over the last decades. Until now there have not been conducted practical complex studies of Central Asian archives of ancient times. On the basis of certain facts this following article has described the life experiences of ancient people who lived in the territory of current Uzbekistan and indicated the process of preserving documents and transferring data from generation to generation in the form of rock paintings and archival documents-libraries. These references indicate to the existence of ancient scripts in Khorezm. On the basis of scientific studies of the scientists it can be concluded that the elements of scripts discovered on the ancient ceramic handcrafts may be considered as the samples of early economic archieves found in the territory of present Uzbekistan. In the period of Akhamanids in Iran and in Central Asia cuneiform was widespread and in the whole territory of the empire Aramaic script wasn’t the only language of paperwork. As it has been indicated in the article, according to its geographic scope, the Bactrian language took the second place after the Sogd language which was widely used in the territory extending from India to Eastern Turkestan. The fact that two biggest empires as Kushanids and Ephtalits and then also the state of Takhirids utilised this script demonstrates the significance of the ancient Bactrian language in the lives of ancient nations. This paper also shows the similar attributes of the Bactrian language used in making negotiations of Surkh-Kutal, Rabotak with the scripts used in the samples of the letters in the documents from the library of Ashurbanipal and with the Het script in which the texts of the anthems, national communal decisions and religious messages were inscribed on the rocks. There are also some evidences proving the existence of particular archives in the residences of ancient rulers of Central Asia in such places as Toprak Kala (Khorezm), and in the mount of Mug’ (Devashtich archives). Particularly in royal archives there was a systematic archival work and such materials as leather and wood were widely used to fix the data. Such documents as personal letters, diplomatic correspondence, contracts and economical records were kept in this period. It also should be noted that paperwork was far more enhanced in this epoch.
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来源期刊
History of Science and Technology
History of Science and Technology Arts and Humanities-Museology
CiteScore
0.80
自引率
33.30%
发文量
11
审稿时长
8 weeks
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