肝硬化患者内镜下静脉曲张结扎期间持续抗凝治疗的安全性:一项系统回顾和荟萃分析

W. Tay, Gerald Low Jun Teck, J. Loo, Le Shaun Ang, Y. Wong
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景内镜下静脉曲张结扎术(EVL)是肝硬化患者静脉曲张出血一级和二级预防的常用手术。由于门静脉血栓形成与肝硬化患者静脉曲张出血和代偿失稳的高风险相关,这些患者可考虑抗凝治疗。然而,EVL期间持续抗凝是否会显著增加出血风险尚不确定。为了解决这一差距,我们进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析,以评估EVL期间持续抗凝的安全性。主要预后指标为EVL后出血风险。次要结局是EVL后的死亡率和住院时间(LOS)。方法系统检索截至2021年5月21日的4个电子数据库(PubMed/MEDLINE、EMBASE、Cochrane library和ClinicalTrial.gov),使用免费文本和MeSH术语。我们纳入了所有报道EVL期间肝硬化患者4周再出血率的研究,无论研究设计、语言、发表类型或状态如何。使用Review Manager在随机效应模型中估计研究结果的综合相对风险(RR)、平均差(MD)和95%置信区间(95% ci)。结果共有6项研究(5102名受试者,1028名接受抗凝治疗)符合我们的纳入标准。平均(标准差)MELD和Child-Pugh评分分别为18(5.5)和7(1.6)。随访时间为6 ~ 196周。出血和死亡的总合并风险分别为8.2% (95%CI: 6.6%-10.0%)和8.6% (95%CI: 4.2%-15.3%)。在抗凝组和对照组之间,每次治疗的平均带数相似。EVL期间继续使用抗凝药物与EVL后出血(RR: 0.90, 95%CI: 0.71-1.15, I2 =0%)和死亡率(RR: 1.16, 95%CI: 0.22-6.19)的合并风险无关。然而,持续抗凝与较短的LOS相关(3.9天,95%CI: -7.35至-0.48天,I2 =0%)。除了一项研究外,所有研究的偏倚风险都很低。结论:在接受EVL的肝硬化患者中,持续抗凝治疗是安全的,不会显著增加出血和死亡率。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
IDDF2021-ABS-0112 Safety of continuing anticoagulation during endoscopic variceal ligation in cirrhosis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Background Endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) is a common procedure for primary and secondary prevention of variceal bleeding in cirrhosis patients. As portal vein thrombosis is associated with a higher risk of variceal bleeding and decompensation in cirrhosis patients, anticoagulation may be considered in these patients. However, it is uncertain if continuing anticoagulation during EVL may significantly increase the risk of bleeding. To address this gap, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the safety of continuing anticoagulation during EVL. The primary outcome was the bleeding risk following EVL. Secondary outcomes were mortality following EVL and length of stay (LOS). Methods We performed a systematic search of 4 electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane library, and ClinicalTrial.gov) up to May 21, 2021 using both free text and MeSH terms. We included all studies that reported the 4-week rebleeding rate in cirrhosis patients during EVL, regardless of study design, language, publication types or status. The pooled relative risk (RR), mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) of study outcomes were estimated using Review Manager in a random-effect model. Results A total of six studies (5,102 subjects, 1,028 received anticoagulation) fulfilled our inclusion criteria. The mean (standard deviation) MELD and Child-Pugh score were 18 (5.5) and 7 (1.6), respectively. Follow-up duration ranged from 6 to 196 weeks. The overall pooled risk of bleeding and mortality was 8.2% (95%CI: 6.6%-10.0%) and 8.6% (95%CI: 4.2%-15.3%), respectively. Mean number of bands deployed per session was similar between the anticoagulation and control group. Continuation of anticoagulants during EVL was not associated with a higher pooled risk of bleeding (RR: 0.90, 95%CI: 0.71-1.15, I2 =0%) and mortality (RR: 1.16, 95%CI: 0.22-6.19) following EVL. However, continuing anticoagulation was associated with a shorter LOS (3.9 days, 95%CI: -7.35 to -0.48 days, I2 =0%). All studies had a low risk of bias except for one. Conclusions In cirrhosis patients undergoing EVL, continuing anticoagulation was safe without a significant increase in bleeding and mortality.
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