{"title":"简介:与异类/人类接触","authors":"Maria Roca Lizarazu, Simone Pfleger","doi":"10.3138/seminar.58.3.intro","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"In the introduction to the GLQ special issue Queer Inhumanisms, Dana Luciano and Mel Y. Chen critically interrogate how an emphasis on the “human as standard form” results in the unjust dehumanization of queer subjects. They underscore that while “liberal-humanist values” (188) promise inclusion, the very notion of the human is bound up with norms of behaviour, ability, health, rights, citizenship status, and political and social agency, which result in the dehu manization and regulation of some bodies as well as practices of exclusion and marginalization. As such, the human is a relational category that emerges from its engagement with those deemed inhuman; or, rather, the inhuman functions as the foil to produce and bolster a particular notion of humanness with its very specific configuration—that of the white, cisgender, heterosexual, able-bodied, Christian, educated subject of a certain socio-economic and citizenship status— through various discursive-material practices . The need to complicate the human as the focus of analysis and the “ground of any epistemology” (Luciano and Chen 189) and theorize alternative ways of being and relating has been highlighted in recent years by critical race, queer, disability, and animal studies scholars such as Rosi Braidotti, Judith Butler, Mel Y. Chen, Eunjung Kim, Dana Luciano, Jasbir K. Puar, and Dinesh Wadiwel, to name just a few. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
在GLQ特刊《酷儿非人道主义》的导言中,Dana Luciano和Mel Y. Chen批判性地质疑了强调“人类作为标准形式”是如何导致酷儿主体不公正的非人性化的。他们强调,虽然"自由-人道主义价值观"(188)承诺包容,但人的概念本身与行为、能力、健康、权利、公民身份以及政治和社会机构的规范是联系在一起的,这导致一些机构的非人性化和管制,以及排斥和边缘化的做法。因此,人类是一个关系范畴,从与那些被视为非人的人的接触中出现;或者,更确切地说,非人的功能是作为一种衬托物,通过各种话语材料实践,以其非常具体的配置——白人、顺性、异性恋、健全、基督徒、受过一定社会经济和公民地位的受过教育的主体——来产生和支持一种特定的人性概念。将人类复杂化作为分析的焦点和“任何认识论的基础”(Luciano and Chen 189),并将存在和联系的替代方式理论化的需求,近年来被一些批判种族、酷儿、残疾和动物研究的学者所强调,这些学者如Rosi Braidotti、Judith Butler、Mel Y. Chen、Eunjung Kim、Dana Luciano、Jasbir K. Puar和Dinesh Wadiwel,仅举几例。他们对人类的各种批判和人文主义的启蒙工程将人性与生产力、自主性以及表现规范的身体特征和身份标记的能力联系起来。事实上,规范的人类作为衡量身体的参照点;它不断地制造出不符合这个模式的主体和存在方式,它们被塑造成一次性的、可替代的、不值得关心的。人类与各种非人性化和非人性的他人有着千丝万缕的联系,甚至以此为前提,这也影响了我们认识、思考和表达的方式,这些方式沉浸在学者和活动家试图摆脱的东西中,比如“人类知识生产的协议”(Muñoz,“Sense”209)。这意味着,在对许多思想家试图复制的分类的批评中,有一种迫在眉睫的危险
In the introduction to the GLQ special issue Queer Inhumanisms, Dana Luciano and Mel Y. Chen critically interrogate how an emphasis on the “human as standard form” results in the unjust dehumanization of queer subjects. They underscore that while “liberal-humanist values” (188) promise inclusion, the very notion of the human is bound up with norms of behaviour, ability, health, rights, citizenship status, and political and social agency, which result in the dehu manization and regulation of some bodies as well as practices of exclusion and marginalization. As such, the human is a relational category that emerges from its engagement with those deemed inhuman; or, rather, the inhuman functions as the foil to produce and bolster a particular notion of humanness with its very specific configuration—that of the white, cisgender, heterosexual, able-bodied, Christian, educated subject of a certain socio-economic and citizenship status— through various discursive-material practices . The need to complicate the human as the focus of analysis and the “ground of any epistemology” (Luciano and Chen 189) and theorize alternative ways of being and relating has been highlighted in recent years by critical race, queer, disability, and animal studies scholars such as Rosi Braidotti, Judith Butler, Mel Y. Chen, Eunjung Kim, Dana Luciano, Jasbir K. Puar, and Dinesh Wadiwel, to name just a few. Their various critiques of the human and the Enlightenment project of humanism link humanness to productivity, autonomy, and the ability to manifest normative bodily features and identity markers. Indeed, the normatively human operates as the point of reference against which bodies are measured; it constantly produces subjects and ways of being in the world that do not fit this mold and are cast as disposable, replaceable, and unworthy of care. That the human is inextricably tied to, even predicated on, various dehu manized and inhuman others also affects our ways of knowing, thinking, and articulating, which are steeped in the very thing that scholars and activists are trying to break free from, such as “ the protocols of human knowledge produc tion” ( Muñoz, “Sense” 209). This means that there is a looming danger in the critiques of reproducing the very categories that many thinkers are trying to
期刊介绍:
The first issue of Seminar appeared in the Spring of 1965, sponsored jointly by the Canadian Association of University Teachers of German (CAUTG) and the German Section of the Australasian Universities Language and Literature Association (AULLA). This collaborative sponsorship has continued to the present day, with the Journal essentially a Canadian scholarly journal, its Editors all Canadian, likewise its publisher, and managerial and editorial decisions taken by the Editor and/or the Canadian Editorial Committee,the Australasian Associate Editor being responsible for the selection of articles submitted from that area.