“Nationalism and Internationalism”: The construction of anarchism between the local and the international in Brazil (1890–1930)

Anarchism has been routinely studied as a political element in the defence of the working class and subaltern groups. One of the goals of its ideology was the removal of the rulers and the holders of the means of production on a global scale, uniting the exploited groups in an internationalist movement. Nevertheless, anarchist activists, even theoretically anti-nationalists, did not fail to perceive and absorb nationalisms as environments of dispute and spaces for their political dissemination. This article aims to study anarchism in the midst of its debates to mediate the construction of a movement that corresponds to local, national, and international interests, as well as its influence on the labour and revolutionary movement in the period known as the “First Republic” in Brazil.