Appraisal of root-crown ratio of maxillary incisors in various skeletal and dental malocclusions

Background: Shortening of the dental roots denoted by a decrease in root-crown ratio is a common manifestation of root resorption. Several natural conditions place roots at risk of resorption without any pathology. To date, information regarding root resorption in sagittal malocclusions is deplete in the literature. Aims: To measure and associate the root-crown ratio of maxillary incisors in different malocclusions. Methods: About 85 patients were allocated to three groups, Skeletal and Angle's Class I, Class II and Class III. Panoramic radiographs and periapical radiographs for maxillary incisors (340 teeth) using paralleling technique were taken and traced. Length of the root and crown were assessed and root-crown ratios were calculated. Results: The root-crown ratio was significantly lower in Skeletal and Angle's Class III group (P < 0.05) compared to Classes I and II groups. Gender predilection was found to be absent. Conclusion: Root resorption of maxillary incisors was observed in Skeletal and Angle's Class III patients. Maxillary central incisors were observed to have decreased root-crown ratios compared to maxillary lateral incisors irrespective of malocclusion.