部分根区干燥与覆盖对小麦节水抑草的意义

Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI:10.36899/japs.2020.1.0018
Saeed Ahmad, M. Raza, M. Saleem, R. Iqbal, M. Zaheer, I. Haider, M. Aslam, Muqarrab Ali, I. Khan
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引用次数: 23

摘要

气候变化的主要负面影响之一是全球水资源日益短缺。小麦是世界第二大主食,干旱是影响其产量的主要因素。为了确保粮食安全,有必要在水资源有限的情况下采用简单和经济的技术来增加作物产量。两种有效的方法是;使用地被植物和部分根区干燥(PRD)。试验包括2种灌溉方式(I1 =根两侧灌溉,I2 =仅根一侧交替灌溉)和4种地面覆盖方式(M0 =无覆盖的露天地,M1 =黑色塑料覆盖,M2 =麦秸覆盖,M4 =棉签覆盖)。结果表明,全灌处理的穗长、颖花数和籽粒数均显著增加。珠江三角洲水分利用效率和氮磷钾含量较高。所有土壤覆盖对杂草均有抑制作用,并显著影响产量属性和籽粒养分含量。然而,黑色塑料外壳表现最好。结果表明,两种技术联合使用比单独使用更有效,其中PRD与黑地膜结合使用效果最好
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SIGNIFICANCE OF PARTIAL ROOT ZONE DRYING AND MULCHES FOR WATER SAVING AND WEED SUPPRESSION IN WHEAT
One of the main negative effects of climate change is the increasing scarcity of water worldwide. Wheat is the second major staple food of the world and drought is the main factor affecting its production. In order to ensure food security, there is need to adopt easy and economic techniques for increasing crop production under limited water resources. Two of the effective techniques are; use of ground covers and partial root zone drying (PRD). Experiments were comprised of two irrigation methods (I1 = irrigation on both sides of roots and I2 = irrigation to only one side of root as alternate irrigation) and four ground covers (M0 = open ground without any cover, M1 = black plastic cover, M2 = wheat straw cover and M4 = cotton sticks cover). Results revealed that more spike length, number of spikelets and grains were found in full irrigation treatment. While water use efficiency and grain nutrient (NPK) contents were more in PRD. All soil covers suppress the weeds and significantly influenced the yield attributes as well as the grain nutrient contents. However, black plastic cover performed the best. It was concluded that joint use of both techniques was more effective than their sole application and combination of PRD with black plastic mulch performed the best than rest of the
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