保护大独角犀牛的法律框架与最高法院判决:尼泊尔案例

Q2 Social Sciences
Rashesh Vaidya, Shatkon Shrestha
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引用次数: 0

摘要

大独角犀牛是在尼泊尔和印度发现的最大的犀牛物种。大独角犀牛的栖息地位于两国的南部边界,因此这些动物经常跨越这一国际边界。国家公园位于国际边界的边缘,这使得偷猎者能够轻易地逃离犯罪现场。这篇文章考察了尼泊尔为解决世界上最受欢迎的濒危哺乳动物之一——大独角犀牛的偷猎问题而制定的法律框架。本文还分析了尼泊尔最高法院有关偷猎独角犀牛的判例法。尼泊尔通过颁布《1973年国家公园和野生动物保护法》严格执行法律规定,再加上尼泊尔最高法院的惩罚措施,也有助于阻止尼泊尔境内偷猎这一物种。尼泊尔最高法院联合惩罚了偷猎主犯及其同伙,这有助于阻止偷猎独角犀牛。然而,一个准司法机构,即国家公园办公室,直接处理案件,在初始阶段执行和行使与偷猎有关的法律规定,并作出初步裁决。在大多数涉及独角犀牛的偷猎案件中,主犯和帮凶主要来自居住在奇旺国家公园周围的特定社区。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Legal Framework and Verdicts of the Supreme Court in Protection of the Greater One-horned Rhinoceros: The Case of Nepal
Abstract The greater one-horned rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) is the largest rhinoceros species found in Nepal and India. The habitat of the greater one-horned rhinoceros encompasses the southern border between the two nations, hence these animals regularly cross this international boundary. Having a national park situated at the periphery of at an international border facilitates the ability of poachers to easily escape from the crime scene. The article examines the legal framework enacted by Nepal to address the poaching of the greater one-horned rhinoceros, one of the world’s most popular endangered mammals. This article also analyzes the case law related to the poaching of the one-horned rhinoceros from the Supreme Court of Nepal. The strict enforcement of the legal provisions adopted by Nepal through the enactment of the National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act 1973, combined with the punitive approach of the Supreme Court of Nepal, has also helped to discourage the poaching of this species in Nepal. The Supreme Court of Nepal has jointly punished the principal offender for poaching offences with their accomplices, which has helped to discourage in poaching of the one-horned rhinoceros. Nevertheless, a quasi-judicial body, the Office of the National Park, which handles the case firsthand, implements and exercises legal provisions related to poaching at the initial stage and also gives an initial verdict. In most poaching cases involving the one-horned rhinoceros, the principal offenders and accomplices are predominantly drawn from a specific community residing around the Chitwan National Park.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
14
期刊介绍: Drawing upon the findings from island biogeography studies, Norman Myers estimates that we are losing between 50-200 species per day, a rate 120,000 times greater than the background rate during prehistoric times. Worse still, the rate is accelerating rapidly. By the year 2000, we may have lost over one million species, counting back from three centuries ago when this trend began. By the middle of the next century, as many as one half of all species may face extinction. Moreover, our rapid destruction of critical ecosystems, such as tropical coral reefs, wetlands, estuaries, and rainforests may seriously impair species" regeneration, a process that has taken several million years after mass extinctions in the past.
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