清洁生态防治城市害虫的方法

V. Sapunov
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引用次数: 1

摘要

城市有害生物多样性的发展是现代社会的现实。实际的生物技术无法阻止这一过程。有时,斗争会导致负面结果,特别是在使用化学农药的情况下。使用清洁的生态方法必须是最近的未来战略。这种技术的基础必须是对野生自然过程的模仿。这种技术有4组。它们是:生态的、遗传的、化学与生态的、物理与生态的。生态学是基于自然的种内关系。它们是:竞争、寄主-寄生虫和捕食者-猎物。利用竞争是让不那么危险的物种完全扼杀无利可图的物种的唯一方法。遗传方法是基于选择和基因工程。化学和生态方法是基于使用天然生物活性化合物及其类似物。这些化合物包括:激素、抗激素、生物毒素、引诱剂和驱虫剂。生态和物理方法是基于使用自然场,如声学(声、超声、次声)和电磁。只有所有方法的组合和轮换才能成为有效控制城市有害生物种群的基础。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Clean Ecological Methods of Struggle with Urban Pests
Advance of pest diversity on urban area is reality of modern time. Actual biological technologies are unable to prevent this process. Sometimes struggle leads to negative results in particular under use of chemical pesticides. Use of clean ecological methods must be strategy of nearest future. The basis of such a technology must be imitation of wild nature processes. There are 4 groups of such a technique. They are: ecological, genetical, chemical-and-ecological, physical-and-ecological. Ecological ones are based on natural intra species relations. They are: competition, host-parasites and predator-prey. The use of competition is only way to complete suffocation of unprofitable species by less dangerous one. Genetically methods are based on selection and gene engineering. Chemical-and-ecological methods are based on use of natural biological activity compounds of their analogs. Such compounds are: hormones, anti hormones, biological toxins, attractants and repellents. Ecological-and-physical methods are based on use of natural fields such as acoustical (sound, ultrasound, infrasound) and electromagnetic. Only composition and rotation of all the methods may become the basis for effective control of urban pest populations.
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