{"title":"被遗忘捕食者的未来:加勒比锯鳐保护和恢复的国际法律框架评估","authors":"Olga Koubrak","doi":"10.1080/13880292.2018.1481597","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Sawfishes are the world’s most endangered marine fish. These shark-looking rays were once common in tropical and subtropical coastal waters across the globe and are now extinct in large portions of their range. Sawfishes were first assessed as endangered by the International Union for Conservation Nature (IUCN) in 1996. Today, both species of sawfish present in the Caribbean are classified as critically endangered or facing “an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.” Only 2.4 percent of chondrichthyans, a class that includes more than one thousand species of sharks, rays, skates, and chimaeras, have been placed in this category. Even if all external sources of mortality are eliminated, it will take anywhere from “several decades” to over 100 years for the Caribbean sawfishes to recover. By the beginning of the twenty-first century, sawfishes’ perilous status became recognized in national and international law. In 2003, it “won the dubious distinction of being the first animal that can spend its entire life in the ocean” to be listed under the US Endangered Species Act (ESA).","PeriodicalId":52446,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Wildlife Law and Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2018-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"2","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A Future for a Forgotten Predator: An Assessment of International Legal Frameworks for Protection and Recovery of the Caribbean Sawfishes\",\"authors\":\"Olga Koubrak\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/13880292.2018.1481597\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Sawfishes are the world’s most endangered marine fish. These shark-looking rays were once common in tropical and subtropical coastal waters across the globe and are now extinct in large portions of their range. Sawfishes were first assessed as endangered by the International Union for Conservation Nature (IUCN) in 1996. Today, both species of sawfish present in the Caribbean are classified as critically endangered or facing “an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.” Only 2.4 percent of chondrichthyans, a class that includes more than one thousand species of sharks, rays, skates, and chimaeras, have been placed in this category. Even if all external sources of mortality are eliminated, it will take anywhere from “several decades” to over 100 years for the Caribbean sawfishes to recover. By the beginning of the twenty-first century, sawfishes’ perilous status became recognized in national and international law. In 2003, it “won the dubious distinction of being the first animal that can spend its entire life in the ocean” to be listed under the US Endangered Species Act (ESA).\",\"PeriodicalId\":52446,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of International Wildlife Law and Policy\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2018-07-03\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"2\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of International Wildlife Law and Policy\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/13880292.2018.1481597\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"Social Sciences\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of International Wildlife Law and Policy","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13880292.2018.1481597","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"Social Sciences","Score":null,"Total":0}
A Future for a Forgotten Predator: An Assessment of International Legal Frameworks for Protection and Recovery of the Caribbean Sawfishes
Sawfishes are the world’s most endangered marine fish. These shark-looking rays were once common in tropical and subtropical coastal waters across the globe and are now extinct in large portions of their range. Sawfishes were first assessed as endangered by the International Union for Conservation Nature (IUCN) in 1996. Today, both species of sawfish present in the Caribbean are classified as critically endangered or facing “an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.” Only 2.4 percent of chondrichthyans, a class that includes more than one thousand species of sharks, rays, skates, and chimaeras, have been placed in this category. Even if all external sources of mortality are eliminated, it will take anywhere from “several decades” to over 100 years for the Caribbean sawfishes to recover. By the beginning of the twenty-first century, sawfishes’ perilous status became recognized in national and international law. In 2003, it “won the dubious distinction of being the first animal that can spend its entire life in the ocean” to be listed under the US Endangered Species Act (ESA).
期刊介绍:
Drawing upon the findings from island biogeography studies, Norman Myers estimates that we are losing between 50-200 species per day, a rate 120,000 times greater than the background rate during prehistoric times. Worse still, the rate is accelerating rapidly. By the year 2000, we may have lost over one million species, counting back from three centuries ago when this trend began. By the middle of the next century, as many as one half of all species may face extinction. Moreover, our rapid destruction of critical ecosystems, such as tropical coral reefs, wetlands, estuaries, and rainforests may seriously impair species" regeneration, a process that has taken several million years after mass extinctions in the past.