新冠肺炎时代医疗和疫苗外交的转型

IF 0.2 Q4 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
I. Arsentyeva
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引用次数: 1

摘要

大流行催生了全球COVID-19疫苗市场,各利益攸关方出于自身经济利益行事。同时,一些政府利用疫苗来追求国家利益,扩大国际影响力。作者利用有关该主题的科学著作和世卫组织、全球疫苗免疫联盟、世界贸易组织、国际货币基金组织的文件、政府文件和智库报告,分析了疫苗外交作为医疗外交的一个分支,并确定了在大流行影响下发生的变化。本文考察了中国目前的政策,因为中国在医疗服务出口方面取得了最显著的成功,主要是向发展中国家出口,而且中国制药公司在全球疫苗市场上发挥着突出作用。这引起了西方的严重担忧,西方指责中国利用冠状病毒危机建立新的(以中国为中心的)世界秩序。结论是,政府保护公众健康和控制流行病传播的能力是评估国家政策有效性的重要标准之一,其自身的疫苗工业开始被视为国家安全的重要组成部分。一些国家利用医疗和疫苗外交作为实现政治目标的手段,在外交政策中保健的作用也有相当大的增加。COVID-19疫苗正在成为影响国家在世界舞台上地位的战略资产,并产生新的地缘政治竞争领域。但与此同时,在国家间关系陷入严重危机的情况下,疫苗外交可以作为一个对话平台。它还可能使人们认识到需要培训医疗外交领域的专家。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Transformations of Medical and Vaccine Diplomacies in the COVID-19 Era
The pandemic has produced the global COVID-19 vaccine market with various stakeholders acting in their economic self-interest. At the same time, some governments use vaccines for pursuing national interests and expanding their international influence. Using scientific works on the topic and documents from WHO, GAVI, WTO, IMF, government documents and think tank reports, the author analyzes vaccine diplomacy as a branch of medical diplomacy and identifies changes that occur under pandemic impact. The article examines the current policy of China, as it has achieved the most notable success in medical services export, primarily to developing countries, and Chinese pharmaceutical companies play a prominent role in the global vaccine market. It raises serious concerns of the West, which accuses Beijing of using coronacrisis to establish a new (China-centric) world order. It is concluded that government capacity to protect public health and control epidemic spread is among the significant criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of State policy, and its own vaccine industry begins to be regarded as an important element of national security. There is also a considerable increase in the role of healthcare in foreign policy of a number of States using medical and vaccine diplomacies as a means of achieving political goals. COVID-19 vaccines are becoming a strategic asset that affects the country’s position on the world stage and generates a new field of geopolitical rivalry. But at the same time, vaccine diplomacy could serve as a dialogue platform in cases when interstate relations are in a deep crisis. And it may lead to awareness of the need to train specialists in the field of medical diplomacy.
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来源期刊
MGIMO Review of International Relations
MGIMO Review of International Relations INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS-
CiteScore
0.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
46
审稿时长
12 weeks
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