乳酸菌防治青贮黄曲霉毒素污染的效果评价

S. Okoth, L. Wamae, I. Kariuki, L. Matumba, V. Joutsjoki, H. Korhonen
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摘要

本试验研究了乳酸菌(LAB)对产黄曲霉侵染的青草、全株绿玉米和全株干玉米青贮发酵及黄曲霉毒素浓度的影响。将草料切成10kg份,每组重复,接种浓度为10 6-7 CFU/ml的100 ml, B2为27 Lb. plantarum/pentosus/ parplantarum (LAB1);B410 Lb. plantarum/pentosus/paraplantarum (LAB 2);LAB 1 +霉菌培养孢子100 ml (100 cfu/ml);LAB 2 +霉菌培养孢子100 ml (100 cfu/ml);对照1-不添加;控制2 -仅限模具;控制3 - LAB 1;控制4 - LAB 2。接种后的青贮袋密封90 d,每月取样检测LAB、真菌计数和黄曲霉毒素B1。采用AOAC法测定干物质(DM)、pH、粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和酸性洗涤木质素(ADL)。霉菌数量在第1个月呈下降趋势,其后呈上升趋势。青贮类型决定LAB (p = 6.02 -08)和霉菌(p = 3.90 -08)增殖。干玉米青贮有利于乳酸菌生长,青贮有利于霉菌生长。乳酸菌对霉菌生长和黄曲霉毒素产生有抑制作用(p = 2.02 -04)。第3个月青贮pH值在4.55 ~ 5.67之间,无丁酸气味。尽管短叶玉米和干玉米的营养品质较高,但它们更有利于霉菌的生长和黄曲霉毒素的增殖。抑制黄曲霉毒素的乳酸菌发酵剂可用于控制青贮黄曲霉毒素的风险。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Evaluation of Lactic Acid Bacteria for the Control of Aflatoxin Contamination in Silage
: This study evaluated the effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on fermentation and aflatoxin concentrations of napier grass, whole crop green maize and whole crop dry maize plant silages, infested with aflatoxigenic mold Aspergillus flavus. The forage was chopped into 10kg portions in duplicates and inoculated with 100 ml of 10 6-7 CFU/ml, B2 27 Lb. plantarum/pentosus/paraplantarum (LAB1); B410 Lb. plantarum/pentosus/paraplantarum (LAB 2); LAB 1 + 100 ml of cultured spores (100 cfu/ml) of mold; LAB 2 + 100 ml of cultured spores (100 cfu/ml) of mold ; control 1-no addition; control 2 – mold only; control 3 – LAB 1 only; control 4 – LAB 2 only. The inoculated silage bags were sealed for 90 days and sampling done monthly to evaluate LAB, fungal counts and aflatoxin B1. Dry matter (DM), pH, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) were determined using AOAC methods. Mold population decreased in month one but increased thereafter. Silage type determined LAB ( p = 6.2e-08) and mold ( p = 3.9e-08) proliferation. Dry maize and napier grass silages favoured LAB and mold growth, respectively. LAB inhibited mold growth and aflatoxin production ( p = 2.2e-04). Silage pH in the third month ranged between 4.55 – 5.67 with no smell of butyric acid. Though napier and dry maize plants showed higher nutritional qualities, they favoured mold growth and aflatoxin proliferation. Aflatoxin-inhibiting LAB starters are useful in controlling aflatoxin risk in silage.
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