用于简化建筑能耗模型的热质量墙和屋顶模型的比较与实现

Christopher Fernandez, S. Jeter
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引用次数: 0

摘要

使用简化模型来减少模拟时间,评估不同的模型配置,并分析不同建筑和天气气候的能源消耗是建筑能源模拟的一个日益增长的趋势。简化的模型往往具有一些共同的优点,例如易于校准和减少设置和操作时间。所有这些都可以缩短时间,简化程序来评估不同的情况或系统。其中一些简化模型忽略了墙壁和屋顶内的热容;去除热电容可以减少模拟时间,但可能会改变负载,因为忽略了外部表面接收负载和负载转移到内部之间的延迟。虽然这种简化有时是有用的,但它往往忽略了在外墙加热和热量传递到内部之间发生的延迟。本文将探讨在建筑能源模型中评估不透明表面传导负荷的替代方法。具体来说,是一种具有数值积分、封闭形式解和正向差分计算的微分方程传导法。这些方法将被评估如何在不同的情况下使用不同的传导模拟技术,以提供简化模型的准确性的潜在增加,同时减少计算负荷。了解动态围护结构载荷的物理特性可以改变建筑物使用多少能源以及何时需要进行房间调节。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Comparison and Implementation of Thermally Massive Wall and Roof Models for Use in Simplified Building Energy Models
An increasing trend in building energy simulations is to use simplified models to reduce simulation time, evaluate different model configurations, and analyze for energy consumption across different constructions and weather climates. Simplified models tend to share some common benefits such as ease of calibration and reduced setup and operation time. All of which allows for shorter time and simpler program to evaluate different situations or systems. Some of these simplified models ignore thermal capacitance within walls and roofs; removing thermal capacitance can decrease simulation time but may alter loading due to ignoring the delay between when exterior surfaces receive loading and when the load is transferred to the interior. While this simplification is sometimes useful, it often overlooks the delay that occurs between the external wall heating and that heat being transferred to the interior. This paper will explore alternative methods for evaluating conduction loads in opaque surfaces for use in building energy models. Specifically, a differential equation conduction method with numerical integration, closed form solution, and forward difference calculation. These methods will be evaluated for how different conduction simulation techniques can be used in different situations to provide a potential increase in accuracy for simplified models while simultaneously reducing computational loads. Understanding the physics of dynamic envelope loading can change how much energy a building uses and when room conditioning needs to occur.
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