南非下上新世一种大型病理性剑齿(食肉目,剑齿科,马齿齿科)的分类和古生物意义

IF 2.3 2区 地球科学 Q1 PALEONTOLOGY
Caitlin Rabe, A. Chinsamy, A. Valenciano
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引用次数: 3

摘要

我们描述了来自Langebaanweg ' E '采石场(南非)下上新世遗址的最完整的病理大型剑齿的颅后遗骸。骨骼由后肢和椎体组成,表现出独特的外植骨、骨赘和灼烧。我们利用主成分分析和Mosimann变换,将在Langebaanweg发现的新头骨遗骸与其他新近纪和第四纪的剑齿类和非剑齿类动物进行了定量形态学比较,包括在非洲、欧洲和北美的几个地点发现的Amphimachairodus、Machairodus、Lokotunjailurus、Dinofelis、Panthera、Homotherium和Smilodon。尽管遗骸的病理变形扭曲了一些线性测量结果,但大多数分析变量不包含病理特征,并强烈表明Langebaanweg剑齿在形态上更接近于Machairodus aphanistus和Lokotunjailurus emageritus,而不是amphimacharodus giganteus。这表明这些遗骸可能属于Langebaanweg地区的一种尚未确定的剑齿物种。观察到的足部和腰椎病变符合严重骨关节炎(由于成熟)的诊断标准,这将限制肢体活动,对狩猎成功造成严重后果。
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Taxonomic and palaeobiological implications of a large, pathological sabretooth (Carnivora, Felidae, Machairodontinae) from the Lower Pliocene of South Africa
We describe the most complete postcranial remains of a pathological, large‐bodied sabretooth from the Lower Pliocene site of Langebaanweg ‘E’ Quarry (South Africa). The skeleton consists of hind limb and vertebral elements that exhibit distinctive exostoses, osteophytes and eburnation. We performed a quantitative morphological comparison of the new postcranial remains found in Langebaanweg, with other Neogene and Quaternary sabretooth and non‐sabretooth felids, consisting of the genera Amphimachairodus, Machairodus, Lokotunjailurus, Dinofelis, Panthera, Homotherium and Smilodon from several sites in Africa, Europe and North America, using principal component analysis and Mosimann transformations. Although the pathological deformation of the remains distorted some of the linear measurements, most of the analysed variables do not contain pathological features, and strongly indicate that the Langebaanweg sabretooth is morphologically closer to Machairodus aphanistus and Lokotunjailurus emageritus than it is to Amphimachairodus giganteus. This indicates that the remains could belong to an undetermined sabretooth species from the Langebaanweg locality. The observed pathologies in the foot and lumbar spine are consistent with diagnostic criteria for severe osteoarthritis (due to maturity), which would have limited limb mobility with severe consequences for hunting success.
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来源期刊
Papers in Palaeontology
Papers in Palaeontology PALEONTOLOGY-
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
4.30%
发文量
55
期刊介绍: Papers in Palaeontology is the successor to Special Papers in Palaeontology and a journal of the Palaeontological Association (www.palass.org). The journal is devoted to the publication of papers that document the diversity of past life and its distribution in time and space. Papers in Palaeontology is devoted to the publication of papers that document the diversity of past life and its distribution in time and space. As a sister publication to Palaeontology its focus is on descriptive research, including the descriptions of new taxa, systematic revisions of higher taxa, detailed biostratigraphical and biogeographical documentation, and descriptions of floras and faunas from specific localities or regions. Most contributions are expected to be less than 30 pp long but longer contributions will be considered if the material merits it, including single topic parts. The journal publishes a wide variety of papers on palaeontological topics covering: palaeozoology, palaeobotany, systematic studies, palaeoecology, micropalaeontology, palaeobiogeography, functional morphology, stratigraphy, taxonomy, taphonomy, palaeoenvironmental reconstruction, palaeoclimate analysis, biomineralization studies.
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