COVID-19大流行期间UMKM的纳税人合规

Listiyowati Listiyowati, Iin Indarti, F. Setiawan, Fitri Wijayanti
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Dalam penelitian ini faktor-faktor yang diambil adalah Sosialisasi Perpajakan, Pelayanan Fiskus, dan Pelaksanaan Self Assessment System. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Wajib Pajak UMKM di kota Semarang dikarenakan menurut Dinas Koperasi dan Usaha Kecil Mikro Menengah, pertumbuhan UMKM di Kota Semarang mencapai 2000 usaha tiap tahun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa besar tingkat pengaruh Sosialisasi Perpajakan, Pelayanan Fiskus, dan Pelaksanaan Self Assessment System terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak pada saat pandemi Covid-19. Populasinya adalah Wajib Pajak UMKM di Kota Semarang berjumlah 2.129 WP. Teknik pengambilan sampling menggunakan simple random sampling dengan rumus slovin didapatkan sampel berjumlah 95 WP. Alat analisis menggunakan regresi linier berganda dan uji asumsi klasik digunakan untuk menilai tingkat penyimpangan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan  bahwa Sosialisasi Perpajakan dan Pelayanan Pajak tidak berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan WP, sedangkan Pelaksanaan Self Assessment System berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak pada saat pandemi Covid-19. Uji Koefisien Determinasi menyebutkan bahwa ketiga variabel mampu memberikan pengaruh terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak sebesar 21.9%, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 79.1% dipengaruhi variabel lain diluar penelitian. Kata Kunci : UMKM, Covid-19, Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak, Sosialisasi Perpajakan, Pelayanan Pajak, Pelaksanaan Self Assessment System, Covid-19 Abstract : MSMEs are a form of community effort to support the country's economy, where during the Covid-19’s  pandemic, MSMEs were the most affected businesses. The classic problem that often arises is the low level of tax payments by MSMEs. So that with PP. 23 of 2018 which took effect on 1 July 2018, where the government reduced the final tax rate for MSMEs from 1% to 0.5%, which is expected to increase the awareness of taxpayers to comply with paying taxes inthe pandemic of covid-19. The tax sector is the highest income in Indonesia, one way to increase it is by the intensification method, that are  increasing the level of taxpayer compliance in increasing the level of tax revenue by looking at the factors that influence it. In this study, the factors taken were the Socialization of Taxation, Fiscus Service, and Implementation of the Self Assessment System. This research was conducted at MSME’s taxpayers in the Semarang city because according to the Office of Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises, the growth of MSMEs in the city of Semarang reached 2000 businesses each year. The purpose of this study was to determine how much influence the level of taxation socialization, fiscal services, and implementation of the self-assessment system on taxpayer compliance during the Covid-19 pandemic.  The population is 2,129 taxpayers of MSME in Semarang City. The sampling technique used simple random sampling with the Slovin formula obtained a sample of 95 WP. The analysis tool uses multiple linear regression and classical assumption test is used to assess the degree of deviation of the data. The results showed that the socialization of taxation and tax services had no effect on taxpayer compliance, while the implementation of the Self Assessment System had a significant positive effect on taxpayer compliance during the Covid-19 pandemic. The determination coefficient test states that the three variables are able to have an effect on taxpayer compliance by 21.9%, while the remaining 79.1% is influenced by other variables outside the research. 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Sehingga dengan PP No. 23 tahun 2018 yang berlaku 1 Juli 2018 dimana pemerintah menurunkan tarif pajak final bagi UMKM  yang awalnya 1% menjadi 0.5% diharapkan mampu meningkatkan kesadaran WP untuk patuh membayar pajak pada masa pandemi covid-19.  Sektor pajak merupakan pendapatan tertinggi di negara Indonesia, salah satu cara meningkatkannya adalah dengan metode intensifikasi yaitu meningkatkan tingkat kepatuhan wajib pajak dalam meningkatkan tingkat penerimaan pajak dengan melihat faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Dalam penelitian ini faktor-faktor yang diambil adalah Sosialisasi Perpajakan, Pelayanan Fiskus, dan Pelaksanaan Self Assessment System. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Wajib Pajak UMKM di kota Semarang dikarenakan menurut Dinas Koperasi dan Usaha Kecil Mikro Menengah, pertumbuhan UMKM di Kota Semarang mencapai 2000 usaha tiap tahun. 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Uji Koefisien Determinasi menyebutkan bahwa ketiga variabel mampu memberikan pengaruh terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak sebesar 21.9%, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 79.1% dipengaruhi variabel lain diluar penelitian. Kata Kunci : UMKM, Covid-19, Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak, Sosialisasi Perpajakan, Pelayanan Pajak, Pelaksanaan Self Assessment System, Covid-19 Abstract : MSMEs are a form of community effort to support the country's economy, where during the Covid-19’s  pandemic, MSMEs were the most affected businesses. The classic problem that often arises is the low level of tax payments by MSMEs. So that with PP. 23 of 2018 which took effect on 1 July 2018, where the government reduced the final tax rate for MSMEs from 1% to 0.5%, which is expected to increase the awareness of taxpayers to comply with paying taxes inthe pandemic of covid-19. 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引用次数: 15

摘要

抽象:UMKM是一种努力的形式,以支持在Covid-19大流行期间影响最大的国家经济。一个典型的问题是UMKM的税收水平较低。因此,随着2018年7月1日的PP 23号适用,政府将最初的1.1%的UMKM最终税率降低到0.5%,预计将提高WP在covid-19大流行期间服从纳税的意识。税收部门是印尼收入最高的国家之一,其改进方法之一是多样化,通过考虑影响税收的因素来提高纳税人合规的程度。在这项研究中,涉及税收社会化、财政服务和自我评估系统实施等因素。这项研究是在三宝垄的UMKM纳税人上进行的,因为根据合作服务和中小型小企业的数据,三宝垄的UMKM增长每年达到2000家。这项研究的目的是确定税收社会化、财政服务和在Covid-19大流行期间自助评估制度对纳税人合规的影响有多大。三宝垄的UMKM纳税人总数为2129 WP。采用简单的随机抽样技术与slovin公式为例获得的样本为95 WP。分析工具使用多元线性回归和典型假设测试来评估数据偏差水平。研究结果表明,税收社会化和税收服务对WP的服从没有影响,而在Covid-19大流行期间,自我评估制度对纳税人的服从有积极的影响。确定性系数测试指出,这三个变量能够对纳税人合规产生21.9%的影响,而剩下的37.1%受到研究之外其他变量的影响。关键词:UMKM, Covid-19,纳税人的服从,税收优惠,税收服务,自我评估制度,Covid-19 Abstract: MSMEs是一种社区努力支持国家经济的形式,在Covid-19的经济困境中,MSMEs是最受影响的行业。常见的问题是MSMEs下的tax支付水平较低。因此,在2018年7月1日起,政府将最终的税率从1%降低到0.5%,这是预期的增加税率与支付税率在covid-19中增加税率的意识。tax区是印尼最热门的收入来源,一种方法增加了它的强度,一种方法增加了taxpayer的含量,它增加了tax回报的水平在这项研究中,因素是评估、财政服务的社会作用和自我评估系统的实现。这项研究是针对三宝垄MSME的taxpayers的,因为它涉及三宝垄合作、小企业和媒介企业的发展,即三宝垄市中日益增长的MSMEs每年都在进行着2000项业务。这项研究的目的是确定在Covid-19 pandemic期间,taxal评估系统的影响有多大。三宝垄mmsm的2.129 taxpayers。采用了一种简单的随机样本,配上一种95 WP的活体配方。uol的分析工具多线性回归和经典assumption测试是用来评估数据偏差的退化。结果表明,在Covid-19 pandemic中,自我评估系统的实施没有固定的正面影响。令人鼓舞的是,三种变量有可能对21.9%的计数产生影响,同时少年有79.1%被外部研究的其他变量影响。Keywords: msm, Covid-19, Taxpayer符合,Tax社交,国防服务,自我评估系统的实施
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak UMKM di Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Abstrak : UMKM merupakan bentuk usaha kerakyatan untuk menopang perekonomian negara dimana di dalam masa pandemi Covid-19, UMKM merupakan usaha yang paling terdampak.  Masalah klasik yang sering muncul adalah rendahnya tingkat pembayaran pajak oleh UMKM. Sehingga dengan PP No. 23 tahun 2018 yang berlaku 1 Juli 2018 dimana pemerintah menurunkan tarif pajak final bagi UMKM  yang awalnya 1% menjadi 0.5% diharapkan mampu meningkatkan kesadaran WP untuk patuh membayar pajak pada masa pandemi covid-19.  Sektor pajak merupakan pendapatan tertinggi di negara Indonesia, salah satu cara meningkatkannya adalah dengan metode intensifikasi yaitu meningkatkan tingkat kepatuhan wajib pajak dalam meningkatkan tingkat penerimaan pajak dengan melihat faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Dalam penelitian ini faktor-faktor yang diambil adalah Sosialisasi Perpajakan, Pelayanan Fiskus, dan Pelaksanaan Self Assessment System. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Wajib Pajak UMKM di kota Semarang dikarenakan menurut Dinas Koperasi dan Usaha Kecil Mikro Menengah, pertumbuhan UMKM di Kota Semarang mencapai 2000 usaha tiap tahun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa besar tingkat pengaruh Sosialisasi Perpajakan, Pelayanan Fiskus, dan Pelaksanaan Self Assessment System terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak pada saat pandemi Covid-19. Populasinya adalah Wajib Pajak UMKM di Kota Semarang berjumlah 2.129 WP. Teknik pengambilan sampling menggunakan simple random sampling dengan rumus slovin didapatkan sampel berjumlah 95 WP. Alat analisis menggunakan regresi linier berganda dan uji asumsi klasik digunakan untuk menilai tingkat penyimpangan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan  bahwa Sosialisasi Perpajakan dan Pelayanan Pajak tidak berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan WP, sedangkan Pelaksanaan Self Assessment System berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak pada saat pandemi Covid-19. Uji Koefisien Determinasi menyebutkan bahwa ketiga variabel mampu memberikan pengaruh terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak sebesar 21.9%, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 79.1% dipengaruhi variabel lain diluar penelitian. Kata Kunci : UMKM, Covid-19, Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak, Sosialisasi Perpajakan, Pelayanan Pajak, Pelaksanaan Self Assessment System, Covid-19 Abstract : MSMEs are a form of community effort to support the country's economy, where during the Covid-19’s  pandemic, MSMEs were the most affected businesses. The classic problem that often arises is the low level of tax payments by MSMEs. So that with PP. 23 of 2018 which took effect on 1 July 2018, where the government reduced the final tax rate for MSMEs from 1% to 0.5%, which is expected to increase the awareness of taxpayers to comply with paying taxes inthe pandemic of covid-19. The tax sector is the highest income in Indonesia, one way to increase it is by the intensification method, that are  increasing the level of taxpayer compliance in increasing the level of tax revenue by looking at the factors that influence it. In this study, the factors taken were the Socialization of Taxation, Fiscus Service, and Implementation of the Self Assessment System. This research was conducted at MSME’s taxpayers in the Semarang city because according to the Office of Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises, the growth of MSMEs in the city of Semarang reached 2000 businesses each year. The purpose of this study was to determine how much influence the level of taxation socialization, fiscal services, and implementation of the self-assessment system on taxpayer compliance during the Covid-19 pandemic.  The population is 2,129 taxpayers of MSME in Semarang City. The sampling technique used simple random sampling with the Slovin formula obtained a sample of 95 WP. The analysis tool uses multiple linear regression and classical assumption test is used to assess the degree of deviation of the data. The results showed that the socialization of taxation and tax services had no effect on taxpayer compliance, while the implementation of the Self Assessment System had a significant positive effect on taxpayer compliance during the Covid-19 pandemic. The determination coefficient test states that the three variables are able to have an effect on taxpayer compliance by 21.9%, while the remaining 79.1% is influenced by other variables outside the research. Keywords : MSME’s, Covid-19, Taxpayer Compliance , Tax Socialization , Fisc us Service, Implementation of Self Assessment System
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