Bikas Basnet, Philomin Juliana, K. Bhattarai, Umisha Upreti
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引用次数: 1
摘要
小麦在世界主要谷类作物的产量和生产力中居首位。小麦条锈病(striiformis f. Sp. tritici)、黑病(Puccinia graminis f. Sp. tritici)和褐病(Puccinia recondita)等几种病害对小麦产量产生重大负面影响,每年损失20%至80%。种植抗锈病品种是对抗锈病病原体最持久、最经济、最环保的方法。本文综述了黑茎锈病、黄叶锈病和褐叶锈病抗性基因的最新研究进展,包括染色体位置、不同来源的基因、抗性类型的性质以及该基因对病原菌的氨基酸变化。本研究总结了来自不同小麦品种和小麦主次基因库的68个黑茎锈病抗性基因、101个叶锈病抗性基因和108个条锈病抗性基因。本文的研究成果对小麦育种人员克隆抗锈病基因,利用基因金字塔和基因基因的遗传育种技术培育抗锈病小麦品种,实现小麦的无害化、可持续生产具有重要的参考价值。将其他来源的基因金字塔化到面包小麦上的成功取决于种质的性质、侧翼标记与靶基因之间的差距、每代基因型的选择、大量的gentoyes、大的基因型与环境的相互作用等,这是未来的研究领域。
A Review on Major Rust Resistance Gene and Amino Acid Changes on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L)
Wheat ranks first in the production and productivity of staple cereal crops in the world. Several diseases, including Stripe (Puccinia striiformis f. Sp. tritici), Black (Puccinia graminis f. Sp. tritici), and Brown (Puccinia recondita), have a major negative impact on wheat output, with 20 to 80% loss annually. Growing rust-resistant varieties is the most durable, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly way to combat rust pathogens. In the present review, we provide updated information on all black stem rust, yellow leaf rust, and brown leaf rust resistance genes including chromosomal position, those derived from different sources, nature of resistance type, and amino acid changes done by this gene against rust pathogen. This study summarized the 68 black stem rust, 101 leaf rust, and 108 stripe rust resistance genes from diverse cultivars of wheat and wheat primary and secondary gene pools. This review will be valuable to wheat breeders in cloning rust-resistant genes and developing leaf as well as stem rust-resistant wheat cultivars using gene pyramiding as well as frequency multiplication through introgression of the gene of interest for disease-free, sustainable grain production of wheat. The success of pyramiding genes from other sources to bread wheat depends on the nature of germplasm, the gap between flanking marker and targeted genes, the selection of genotypes in each generation, large number of gentoyes large genotype-environment interaction, etc., which is the future area of study.