Low-Power and ppm-Level Detection of Gas Molecules by Integrated Metal Nanosheets

Ppm-level hydrogen and ammonia in air were recognized by low-power, integrated sensors consisting of catalytic metal nanosheets. Thermal energy necessary for catalytic reactions were given by Joule heating not by external heaters. The ther-mal-aware design of sensors reduces the power consumption to 0.14 mW. The low-power and small-area properties enable large-scale, on-chip integration of molecular sensors, which will be useful in IoT era. A sensor array was successfully connected to a platform with wireless connectivity.