虚假信息网

Savvas Zannettou, Michael Sirivianos, Jeremy Blackburn, N. Kourtellis
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引用次数: 137

摘要

一个新的信息战时代已经到来。各种行为者,包括国家支持的行为者,正在将在线社交网络上的信息武器化,在特定话题上有针对性地操纵公众舆论,开展虚假信息宣传活动。这些虚假信息宣传活动可能会给公众带来可怕的后果:改变他们的观点和行动,尤其是在重大选举等重大世界事件方面。显然,网络上的虚假信息问题是一个至关重要的问题,需要提高公众的意识,并立即引起执法机构、公共机构,特别是研究界的关注。在本文中,我们向这个方向迈出了一步,提供了一个由各种类型的虚假信息、参与者及其动机组成的Web虚假信息生态系统的类型学。我们通过确定几条工作线,报告了对虚假信息生态系统的现有研究的全面概述:(1)公众如何感知虚假信息;(2)了解虚假信息的传播;(三)发现和遏制网络上的虚假信息;(4)政治舞台上的虚假信息。在这项工作中,我们特别关注政治虚假信息,因为:(1)它可能对社区产生可怕的后果(例如,当选举结果发生突变时);(2)以前的工作表明,与其他类型的虚假信息相比,这种类型的虚假信息传播得更快、更远。最后,对于这些工作,我们报告了几个未来的研究方向,可以帮助我们更好地理解和减轻网络上虚假信息传播的新问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Web of False Information
A new era of Information Warfare has arrived. Various actors, including state-sponsored ones, are weaponizing information on Online Social Networks to run false-information campaigns with targeted manipulation of public opinion on specific topics. These false-information campaigns can have dire consequences to the public: mutating their opinions and actions, especially with respect to critical world events like major elections. Evidently, the problem of false information on the Web is a crucial one and needs increased public awareness as well as immediate attention from law enforcement agencies, public institutions, and in particular, the research community. In this article, we make a step in this direction by providing a typology of the Web’s false-information ecosystem, composed of various types of false-information, actors, and their motives. We report a comprehensive overview of existing research on the false-information ecosystem by identifying several lines of work: (1) how the public perceives false information; (2) understanding the propagation of false information; (3) detecting and containing false information on the Web; and (4) false information on the political stage. In this work, we pay particular attention to political false information as: (1) it can have dire consequences to the community (e.g., when election results are mutated) and (2) previous work shows that this type of false information propagates faster and further when compared to other types of false information. Finally, for each of these lines of work, we report several future research directions that can help us better understand and mitigate the emerging problem of false-information dissemination on the Web.
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