A Review of the Effectiveness of Exercise Protocols on Proprioception and Pain in People With Nonspecific Chronic Low Back Pain

Background and Objectives Chronic low back pain is one of the most common and costly musculoskeletal disorders in societies and is an important clinical and socio-economic epidemic, mostly in industry and non-industry. The aim of this study was to a systematic review of the effectiveness of exercise protocols on lumbar proprioception in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain. Subjects and Methods From internal and external search engines, including Scopus, Semantic Scholar, Google Scholar, Pubmed, ISC, SID, Magiran, Irandoc, and Doaj with time limit 2010 to 2021 and the keywords exercises, proprioception, non-specific, and chronic low back pain, the present study was done using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes). Results Nine articles were selected based on inclusion criteria. These studies mainly focused on systematic review effectiveness of exercise protocols on sensation and low back pain in people with non-specific chronic low back pain. Conclusion According to the research reviewed in the present study, it seems that exercise rehabilitation protocols activate, strengthen, maintain, and increase the central region of the body, especially deep muscles, particularly the multifidus and transverse abdomen, by retraining the pelvic lumbar region. The diaphragm and diagonal of the abdomen and pelvic floor, which play a role in the important segmental stability of the lumbar spine, improve the sense of depth and pain in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain.