铁路运输利益的工作:俄罗斯帝国铁路运输的第二任部长- Volodymyr O. Bobrynskyi (1869-1871)

IF 0.2 Q4 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
O. Pylypchuk, O. Strelko
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引用次数: 6

摘要

对那些对祖国和世界科学的形成和发展作出重大贡献的杰出人物的生活方式进行广泛而全面的研究,仍然是历史科学发展的当前阶段的一个主题任务。这篇文章致力于对俄罗斯帝国铁路建设领域的生活和活动的各个阶段的覆盖和分期,其第二任铁路运输部长Volodymyr O. Bobrynskyi。对V. O. Bobrynskyi职业发展的前提条件进行了分析。这篇文章展示了在圣彼得堡大学的学习如何影响v.o. Bobrynskyi人格的形成。在1854年至1856年的克里米亚战争期间,对v.o.博布林斯基的军事生涯进行了调查。V. O. Bobrynskyi在被任命为铁路运输部部长之前在不同公共职位上的活动分析,可以评估他在各个领域对国家建设和俄罗斯帝国发展的贡献。已经确定,作为俄罗斯帝国铁路运输部长的Volodymyr Bobrynskyi成为27条铁路线建设的发起者,并且是包括乌克兰段在内的铁路网的创建者。他在管理铁道部期间的活动是针对铁路发展的战略方向,特别是:在仍然分裂的铁路之间建立联系;确保不毗连一般铁路网的线路得以延续;连接内陆省份与海港(与尼古拉耶夫和马里乌波尔);为了煤炭和采矿业的利益发展铁路,以及沃洛格达和维亚特卡-德维纳铁路。此外,根据部长的倡议,设想包括两条战略铁路线- -从布拉格到华沙和从卢科夫到伊万诺哥罗德。对v·o·博布林斯基在铁路管理方面的改革的分析表明,他成功地推行了一项政策,即把所有已经建成的铁路和那些仍在用公共财政的费用修建的铁路从国家行政部门移除。1871年9月v·o·博布林斯基的部长任期结束时,俄罗斯帝国的铁路长度几乎增长了一倍,超过了1.3万英里,而且几乎所有的铁路都属于私人铁路公司。本文论述了波布林斯基在解决窄轨铁路建设问题上的作用。虽然他担任铁路运输部长的时间很短,只有两年左右,但v·o·博布林斯基应该被认为是那些成功建设铁路运输及其设施的部长们中的一员。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Work in the interests of rail transport: the second Minister of Railway Transport of the Russian Empire – Volodymyr O. Bobrynskyi (1869-1871)
The expanded and comprehensive study of the way of life of the personalities of prominent figures who have made a significant contribution to the formation and development of homeland and world science remains a topical task of historical science at the present stage of its development. The article is devoted to the coverage and periodization of stages of life and activities in the field of railroad construction of the Russian Empire, of its second Minister of Railway Transport Volodymyr O. Bobrynskyi. The preconditions of V. O. Bobrynskyi’s career growth have been considered. The article shows how the study at St. Petersburg University influenced the formation of V. O. Bobrynskyi’s personality. The stages of the military career of V. O. Bobrynskyi during the Crimean War of 1854-1856 have been investigated. Analysis of V. O. Bobrynskyi’s activity in different public positions until he was appointed as the Minister of Railway Transport, allowed to assess his contribution to state building and the development of the Russian Empire in various fields. It has been established that Volodymyr Bobrynskyi, acting as the Minister of Railway Transport of the Russian Empire, became the initiator of the construction of 27 railway lines, and as the creator of the network of railways, including the Ukrainian segment. His activities during the administration of the ministry were aimed at strategic directions for the development of railways, in particular: to establish links between the railways that were still divided; to ensure continuation of lines that were not adjacent to the general railway network; to connect internal provinces with seaports (with Mykolaiv and Mariupol); to develop the railways in the interests of the coal and mining industry, as well as the Vologda and Vyatka-Dvina lines. In addition, on the initiative of the Minister, it was envisaged to include two strategic railway lines - from Prague to Warsaw and from Lukov to Ivanogorod. Analysis of reforms of V. O. Bobrynskyi in the management of the railways showed that he successfully pursued a policy of removing from the state administration all the lines already built, and those that were still being built on the expense of the public purse. At the end of the ministerial activity of V. O. Bobrynskyi in September 1871, the length of the railways in the Russian Empire grew almost twice and exceeded 13 thousand miles and almost all of them belonged to private railway companies. The article shows the role of V. O. Bobrynskyi in solving the problem of constru-ction of narrow-gauge railways. And although his occupying the post of Minister of Railway Transport was short-lived, some two years, V. O. Bobrynskyi should be referred to the constellation of those ministers who successfully built railway transport and its facilities.
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来源期刊
History of Science and Technology
History of Science and Technology Arts and Humanities-Museology
CiteScore
0.80
自引率
33.30%
发文量
11
审稿时长
8 weeks
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