秘鲁-智利海沟的地貌建模和测绘

Polina Lemenkova
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引用次数: 46

摘要

作者利用通用映射工具(Generic Mapping Tool, GMT)脚本工具集对位于南太平洋的秘鲁-智利海沟进行了地理空间分析,并对数据集进行了处理和建模。研究目标是通过比较位于北部(秘鲁)和南部(智利)部分的两段海沟来进行地貌建模。该研究的目的是使用GMT和几个脚本模块执行自动数字化配置文件。在垂直方向上横贯沟槽的正交剖面自动数字化,并对剖面进行可视化比较。剖面显示了南北段海沟地貌的变化。为了可视化地质和地球物理设置,一组专题地图通过GMT模块可视化:自由空气重力异常、大地水准面、地质和测深。两段测深的描述性统计分析结果表明,秘鲁-智利海沟的秘鲁段最常见的深度范围为-4,000至-4,200米(827个记录样本),而秘鲁段的范围为-4,500至-4,700米(1,410个样本)。与智利部分相比,秘鲁部分的海沟更深,地貌更陡峭,有陡坡。对两个部分的数据分布进行比较,得出如下结果。秘鲁段有大部分数据(23%)达到1410(- 4500米至- 4700米),这个峰值显示了数据分布的陡峭模式,而邻近流域的其他数据明显较低:559(- 4700米至- 5000米)和807(- 4200米至- 4400米),智利段在- 6000米至- 7000米的深度有更统一的数据分布。本文介绍了深海海沟地貌制图自动建模与制图的GMT工作流程。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Geomorphological modelling and mapping of the Peru-Chile Trench by GMT
Abstract The author presents a geospatial analysis of the Peru-Chile Trench located in the South Pacific Ocean by the Generic Mapping Tool (GMT) scripting toolset used to process and model data sets. The study goal is to perform geomorphological modelling by the comparison of two segments of the trench located in northern (Peruvian) and southern (Chilean) parts. The aim of the study is to perform automatic digitizing profiles using GMT and several scripting modules. Orthogonal cross-section profiles transecting the trench in a perpendicular direction were automatically digitized, and the profiles visualized and compared. The profiles show variations in the geomorphology of the trench in the northern and southern segments. To visualize geological and geophysical settings, a set of the thematic maps was visualized by GMT modules: free-air gravity anomaly, geoid, geology and bathymetry. The results of the descriptive statistical analysis of the bathymetry in both segments show that the most frequent depths for the Peruvian segment of the Peru-Chile Trench range from -4,000 to -4,200 (827 recorded samples) versus the range of -4,500 to -4,700 m for the Peruvian segment (1,410 samples). The Peruvian segment of the trench is deeper and its geomorphology steeper with abrupt slopes compared to the Chilean segment. A comparison of the data distribution for both segments gives the following results. The Peruvian segment has the majority of data (23%) reaching 1,410 (-4,500 m to -4,700 m). This peak shows a steep pattern in data distribution, while other data in the neighbouring diapason are significantly lower: 559 (-4,700 m to -5,000 m) and 807 (-4,200 m to -4,400 m). The Chilean segment has more unified data distribution for depths of -6,000 m to -7,000 m. This paper presents GMT workflow for the cartographic automatic modelling and mapping deep-sea trench geomorphology.
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