以最高能量穿越冰立方中的介子:ν天文学的基石

D. Fargion , P. Oliva , P.G. De Sanctis Lucentini
{"title":"以最高能量穿越冰立方中的介子:ν天文学的基石","authors":"D. Fargion ,&nbsp;P. Oliva ,&nbsp;P.G. De Sanctis Lucentini","doi":"10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2014.10.024","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Highest energy neutrino events (contained) in cubic km ICECUBE detector resulted in last three years to be as many as <span><math><mn>37</mn><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>=</mo><mn>35</mn></math></span> signals (two of those having been recently discharged); these tens-hundred TeV (32 energetic events) up to rarest (only 3) PeV cascade showers, proved to have an extraterrestrial origin. Their flux exceeded, indeed, the expected atmospheric noise and clearly favored and tested the birth of a long waited <em>ν</em> astronomy. The UHE neutrino flavor transition from a <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> atmospheric dominance (over <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> showers at TeV energy), toward a higher energy shower cascade (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) events at few tens TeV up to PeV energy is a hint of such a fast extraterrestrial injection. The majority (28 out of 35) of all these events are spherical cascade showers and their exact timing in shower shining provided an approximate <em>ν</em> arrival direction, within about <span><math><mo>±</mo><mn>10</mn><mi>°</mi></math></span>. However, their consequent smeared map is inconclusive: both because of such a wide angle spread signal of <span><math><mo>±</mo><mn>10</mn><mi>°</mi></math></span> and because of their paucity, is not yet allowable to define any meaningful source correlation or anisotropy. The additional rarest <span><math><mn>9</mn><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>=</mo><mn>7</mn></math></span> muon tracks, while being sharp in arrival directions, did not offer any correlated clustering nor any overlapping within known sources. Larger sample of UHE <em>ν</em> signals and their most accurate directionality is needed. We recently suggested that the highest energy (tens-TeV) crossing muon along the ICECUBE, mostly at horizons or upcoming, are the ideal tool able to reveal soon such clustering or even any narrow angle pointing to known (IR, X, Radio or <em>γ</em>) sources or self-correlation in rare doublet or triplet: a last hope for a meaningful and short-time <em>ν</em> Astronomy. Any crossing muons clustering along galactic sources or within UHECR arrivals might also probe rarest (possibly galactic, radioactive and in decay in flight) UHECR event made by nuclei or neutrons. Within three years of ICECUBE data all the non-contained crossing highest energy muons above few tens TeV may be several dozens, possibly around 54, mostly enhanced along horizontal edges, painting known sources and/or self-correlating in doublets or rarest triplet, offering a first solution of the UHE neutrino source puzzle (if steady or transient nearby source are at sight). Recent preliminary ICECUBE presentation on crossing muons are consistent with our preliminary muon rate estimate.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93343,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear physics. B, Proceedings, supplements","volume":"256 ","pages":"Pages 213-217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2014.10.024","citationCount":"9","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Crossing muons in Icecube at highest energy: a cornerstone to ν Astronomy\",\"authors\":\"D. Fargion ,&nbsp;P. Oliva ,&nbsp;P.G. De Sanctis Lucentini\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2014.10.024\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Highest energy neutrino events (contained) in cubic km ICECUBE detector resulted in last three years to be as many as <span><math><mn>37</mn><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>=</mo><mn>35</mn></math></span> signals (two of those having been recently discharged); these tens-hundred TeV (32 energetic events) up to rarest (only 3) PeV cascade showers, proved to have an extraterrestrial origin. Their flux exceeded, indeed, the expected atmospheric noise and clearly favored and tested the birth of a long waited <em>ν</em> astronomy. The UHE neutrino flavor transition from a <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> atmospheric dominance (over <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> showers at TeV energy), toward a higher energy shower cascade (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) events at few tens TeV up to PeV energy is a hint of such a fast extraterrestrial injection. The majority (28 out of 35) of all these events are spherical cascade showers and their exact timing in shower shining provided an approximate <em>ν</em> arrival direction, within about <span><math><mo>±</mo><mn>10</mn><mi>°</mi></math></span>. However, their consequent smeared map is inconclusive: both because of such a wide angle spread signal of <span><math><mo>±</mo><mn>10</mn><mi>°</mi></math></span> and because of their paucity, is not yet allowable to define any meaningful source correlation or anisotropy. The additional rarest <span><math><mn>9</mn><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>=</mo><mn>7</mn></math></span> muon tracks, while being sharp in arrival directions, did not offer any correlated clustering nor any overlapping within known sources. Larger sample of UHE <em>ν</em> signals and their most accurate directionality is needed. We recently suggested that the highest energy (tens-TeV) crossing muon along the ICECUBE, mostly at horizons or upcoming, are the ideal tool able to reveal soon such clustering or even any narrow angle pointing to known (IR, X, Radio or <em>γ</em>) sources or self-correlation in rare doublet or triplet: a last hope for a meaningful and short-time <em>ν</em> Astronomy. Any crossing muons clustering along galactic sources or within UHECR arrivals might also probe rarest (possibly galactic, radioactive and in decay in flight) UHECR event made by nuclei or neutrons. Within three years of ICECUBE data all the non-contained crossing highest energy muons above few tens TeV may be several dozens, possibly around 54, mostly enhanced along horizontal edges, painting known sources and/or self-correlating in doublets or rarest triplet, offering a first solution of the UHE neutrino source puzzle (if steady or transient nearby source are at sight). Recent preliminary ICECUBE presentation on crossing muons are consistent with our preliminary muon rate estimate.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":93343,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Nuclear physics. B, Proceedings, supplements\",\"volume\":\"256 \",\"pages\":\"Pages 213-217\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2014-11-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2014.10.024\",\"citationCount\":\"9\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Nuclear physics. B, Proceedings, supplements\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0920563214002187\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Nuclear physics. B, Proceedings, supplements","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0920563214002187","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9

摘要

立方千米ICECUBE探测器中包含的最高能量中微子事件在过去三年中产生了多达37−2=35个信号(其中两个是最近释放的);这些数百TeV(32能量事件)到最罕见的(只有3 PeV)级联阵雨,被证明有外星起源。事实上,它们的通量超过了预期的大气噪声,显然有利于并考验了人们期待已久的天体天文学的诞生。UHE中微子从νμ大气优势(能量在TeV以上的νe阵雨)转变为几十TeV到PeV能量的高能阵雨级(νe,ντ)事件,暗示了这种快速的外星注入。所有这些事件中的大多数(35个中的28个)是球形级联阵雨,它们在阵雨闪耀时的精确时间提供了一个近似的ν到达方向,大约在±10°范围内。然而,它们随后的涂抹图是不确定的:由于±10°的广角扩展信号,并且由于它们的稀少,还不允许定义任何有意义的源相关性或各向异性。额外的最稀有的9−2=7 μ子轨道,虽然在到达方向上是尖锐的,但在已知源中没有提供任何相关的聚类或重叠。需要更大的UHE ν信号样本和它们最精确的方向性。我们最近提出,沿冰立方的最高能量(十tev)交叉介子,主要是在地平线或即将到来的地方,是能够很快揭示这种聚集甚至任何指向已知(IR, X,射电或γ)源的窄角度的理想工具,或者是罕见的双重态或三重态的自相关:这是有意义的短时间ν天文学的最后希望。任何沿着星系源或在UHECR到达处聚集的交叉μ子也可能探测到最罕见的(可能是星系的、放射性的和在飞行中衰变的)由原子核或中子产生的UHECR事件。在冰立方数据的三年内,所有超过几十TeV的非包含交叉最高能量介子可能有几十个,可能在54左右,大部分沿着水平边缘增强,绘制已知源和/或自相关的双重态或最稀有的三重态,提供了UHE中微子源难题的第一个解决方案(如果附近有稳定或瞬态源)。最近ICECUBE上关于交叉μ子的初步报告与我们对μ子速率的初步估计是一致的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Crossing muons in Icecube at highest energy: a cornerstone to ν Astronomy

Highest energy neutrino events (contained) in cubic km ICECUBE detector resulted in last three years to be as many as 372=35 signals (two of those having been recently discharged); these tens-hundred TeV (32 energetic events) up to rarest (only 3) PeV cascade showers, proved to have an extraterrestrial origin. Their flux exceeded, indeed, the expected atmospheric noise and clearly favored and tested the birth of a long waited ν astronomy. The UHE neutrino flavor transition from a νμ atmospheric dominance (over νe showers at TeV energy), toward a higher energy shower cascade (νe,ντ) events at few tens TeV up to PeV energy is a hint of such a fast extraterrestrial injection. The majority (28 out of 35) of all these events are spherical cascade showers and their exact timing in shower shining provided an approximate ν arrival direction, within about ±10°. However, their consequent smeared map is inconclusive: both because of such a wide angle spread signal of ±10° and because of their paucity, is not yet allowable to define any meaningful source correlation or anisotropy. The additional rarest 92=7 muon tracks, while being sharp in arrival directions, did not offer any correlated clustering nor any overlapping within known sources. Larger sample of UHE ν signals and their most accurate directionality is needed. We recently suggested that the highest energy (tens-TeV) crossing muon along the ICECUBE, mostly at horizons or upcoming, are the ideal tool able to reveal soon such clustering or even any narrow angle pointing to known (IR, X, Radio or γ) sources or self-correlation in rare doublet or triplet: a last hope for a meaningful and short-time ν Astronomy. Any crossing muons clustering along galactic sources or within UHECR arrivals might also probe rarest (possibly galactic, radioactive and in decay in flight) UHECR event made by nuclei or neutrons. Within three years of ICECUBE data all the non-contained crossing highest energy muons above few tens TeV may be several dozens, possibly around 54, mostly enhanced along horizontal edges, painting known sources and/or self-correlating in doublets or rarest triplet, offering a first solution of the UHE neutrino source puzzle (if steady or transient nearby source are at sight). Recent preliminary ICECUBE presentation on crossing muons are consistent with our preliminary muon rate estimate.

求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信