联合国战争罪行委员会和对南斯拉夫战争罪犯的起诉

IF 1.1 Q2 LAW

JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL LAW Pub Date : 2022-06-22 DOI:10.1163/15718050-bja10066

Sabina Ferhadbegović

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引用次数: 0

摘要

要了解形成南斯拉夫战争罪政策的不同发展，就必须分析国际讨论对南斯拉夫刑法和南斯拉夫参与联合国战争罪委员会的影响。在第二次世界大战期间，两个不同的机构声称是南斯拉夫人民的合法代表:伦敦的南斯拉夫流亡政府和共产党领导的南斯拉夫民族解放反法西斯委员会。有鉴于此，本文从不同视角和不同背景下分析了南斯拉夫的战争罪政策。这表明南斯拉夫关于战犯惩罚的讨论受到权力斗争、地缘政治目标和合法性的影响。虽然南斯拉夫流亡政府在国内的民族主义斗争中迷失了方向，但是南斯拉夫在UNWCC的代表和共产党领导的调查占领者及其帮凶罪行的国家委员会发挥了积极作用，并制定了南斯拉夫的战争罪行政策。因此，南斯拉夫起诉战争罪的国家法律有不同的来源:二战前的传统、苏联法律和《联合国战争罪行公约》。

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The United Nations War Crimes Commission and the Prosecution of War Criminals in Yugoslavia

To understand the different developments that shaped the Yugoslav war crimes policy it is important to analyse the impact of international discussions on the Yugoslav criminal law and the Yugoslav involvement in the United Nations War Crimes Commission (UNWCC). During the Second World War two different institutions claimed to be the legal representatives of the Yugoslav people: The Yugoslav government in exile in London and the communist led AVNOJ (The Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia). With this in mind, this paper analyses Yugoslav war crimes policies from different perspectives and in different settings. It shows that the Yugoslav`s discussion about the punishment of war criminals was influenced by power struggles, geopolitical aims, and legitimacy. While Yugoslav government in exile got lost in internal nationalist struggles, it was the Yugoslav representative at the UNWCC, and the communist led State commission to investigate the crimes of the occupiers and their accomplices who took the active role and shaped the Yugoslav war crimes policy. In consequence the Yugoslav national law for prosecuting war crimes was developed from different sources: pre-WWII traditions, Soviet law, and the UNWCC.

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来源期刊

JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL LAW LAW-

CiteScore

0.90

自引率

14.30%

发文量

期刊介绍： The object of the Journal of the History of International Law/Revue d"histoire du droit international is to contribute to the effort to make intelligible the international legal past, however varied and eccentric it may be, to stimulate interest in the whys, the whats and wheres of international legal development, without projecting present relationships upon the past, and to promote the application of a sense of proportion to the study of current international legal problems. The aim of the Journal is to open fields of inquiry, to enable new questions to be asked, to be awake to and always aware of the plurality of human civilizations and cultures, past and present.