禁卫军梅利乌斯·普丁斯与罗马内战

IF 0.2 Q2 HISTORY
Evgenii A. Guskov
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引用次数: 0

摘要

这篇论文是关于一些墨提利乌斯·普丁斯的奉献石碑,在其文本中被命名为十九世纪禁卫军队列中的一名战士。根据古生物学特征,该铭文可追溯到公元1世纪下半叶。该铭文仅在1995年发表,但尚未引起研究人员的广泛关注。普丁斯在公元69年的事件中所扮演的角色是未知的,因为石碑上的内容很少。这篇文章证明,普丁斯只能在朱利叶斯-克劳狄的卫队中服役,在内战期间,他首先站在奥托一边。然后,像许多前奥斯曼人一样,他支持维斯帕先的政党,并最终加入了他的总督府,该总督府可由2万人组成。这篇文章介绍了有关梅利乌斯·普丁斯的服役条件和辞职的信息,并描述了新卫队的组织,包括弗拉维安军团的士兵,奥托的前禁卫军和维特利乌斯的军团。梅利乌斯·普丹特的长期服役是由于需要维持弗拉维安卫队的群体平衡。考虑到新军团中有很大比例的前维特利亚士兵,新政府采取了谨慎的遣散政策,以打破相互责任,防止奥托禁卫军的情况重演,这些禁卫军被维特利乌斯解雇后,出来支持维斯帕先。由于在69年4月被维特利乌斯羞辱后,奥斯曼人对新政权的绝对忠诚,他们被视为与维特利乌斯抗衡的力量。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Praetorian Metilius Pudens and the Civil War in Rome
This paper is concerned with a dedicatory stele of some Metilius Pudens, named a warrior of the XIX praetorian cohort in its text. According to paleographic features, it is dated to the second half of the first century A. D. The inscription was published only in 1995, but has not attracted wide attention of researchers yet. The role of Pudens in the events of 69 is unknown due to the scanty content of the stele. The article proves that Pudens could only serve in the guard of Julii-Claudii and during the civil war fought first on the side of Otho. Then, like many former Othonians, he supported the party of Vespasian and was eventually enrolled in his praetorium, which could comprise 20 000 people. The article presents information about the conditions of service and resignation of Metilius Pudens, and describes the organization of the new guard, consisting of soldiers of the Flavian legions, former praetorians of Otho and legionaries of Vitellius. The long duration of Metilius Pudent’s service was due to the need to maintain a group balance in the Flavian guard. Taking into account the large proportion of former Vitellian soldiers in the new corps, the new administration pursued a cautious demobilization policy in order to break mutual responsibility and prevent a repeat of the situation with the Praetorians of Otho, who, having been dismissed by Vitellius, came out in support of Vespasian. Since the Othonians were absolutely loyal to the new authorities in gratitude for the possibility of rehabilitation after the humiliation by Vitellius in April 69, they were seen as a counterweight to the Vitellians.
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