明斯克地区形成鸟类种群结构的时间特征

V. Sakhvon, M. Nikiforov
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引用次数: 1

摘要

城市化地区鸟类种群结构受城市内生境多样性、城郊生物群落鸟类物种多样性以及与人类住区密切相关的鸟类区域扩散过程的影响。对明斯克繁殖鸟类物种丰富度的动态分析表明,明斯克繁殖鸟类物种丰富度的形成有不同的过程。总而言之,自1946年以来,已有141种鸟类在明斯克境内筑巢(包括据称的)。繁殖期鸟类以栖木鸟类(45.0%)、湿地和半水生鸟类(29.3%)为主,半数以上的繁殖期鸟类(50.3%)与乔灌木为伴。在不同的时期,繁殖鸟类的物种丰富度是不同的,到目前为止,有明显的增加(从77种增加到132种)。发生这种情况的原因是城市行政边界的扩大,包括郊区栖息地的鸟类,适合鸟类筑巢的栖息地的多样性增加(例如,大型水体的形成),以及各种鸟类对城市生态系统的积极殖民。与此同时,2000年后,有9种鸟类停止筑巢,17种鸟类开始筑巢。尽管目前鸟类种群结构的基础是在1986-1999年形成的,但近几十年来在欧洲大陆观察到的一些鸟类物种的积极融合过程已成为明斯克鸟类动物群增加新物种的原因。同时,各种鸟类的协同类群可能是本地的、外来的或混合起源的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Features of formation bird population structure in Minsk in the time aspect
The structure of bird population of urbanized areas is determined by the diversity of habitats within the city, the diversity of bird species in suburban biotopes, and regional processes of dispersal of birds closely associated with human settlements. The analysis of the dynamics of the breeding bird species richness in Minsk showed that its formation progressed in different ways. All in all, since 1946, 141 bird species have been recorded nesting (including allegedly) in the territory of Minsk.The breeding bird assemblages is dominated by dendrophilous (45.0 % of all species) as well as wetland and semi-aquatic (29,3 %) bird species, with more than half of all the breeding bird species (50.3 %) associated with trees and shrubs. In different periods, the breeding bird species richness varied, by now, it has noticeably increased (from 77 to 132 species). This happened due to the expansion of the administrative boundaries of the city with the inclusion of bird species of suburban habitats, an increase in the diversity of habitats suitable for bird nesting (for example, the formation of large water bodies) as well as due to active colonization of urban ecosystems by various bird species. At the same time, after 2000, 9 bird species stopped nesting and 17 bird species started nesting. Active processes of synurbization of some bird species on the European continent observed in recent decades have become the reason for the addition of new species to the avifauna in Minsk, although the basis of the current structure of bird population was formed back in 1986–1999. At the same time, the synurbized groups of various bird species may be of autochthonous, allochthonous, or mixed origin.
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