Calculating Ceramic NF Membrane Surface Charge

The main objective in this work was to determine the active membrane surface fixed charge; through the zeta potential for different salt types at different concentrations and pH values. In order to provide a relation between the membranes active surface charge (Xm) and the ion type and concentration. The membrane surface charge density (σs) was estimated by using the simplified Grahame equation and the Gouy-Chapman equation, using the measure zeta potential. Afterwards the membranes active surface charge (Xm) was calculated.