PROBLEMATIC ISSUES IN THE ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS OF ADENOMYOSIS

Nowadays, adenomyosis represents one of the most common pathology of female genital system. It occurs at different ages, including nulliparous, infertile and multiparous women. The etiology of adenomyosis is still under investigation. Despite the fact that there are many different theories, none of them fully explain the mechanisms of adenomyoisis development. The pathogeneis of adenomyosis is also less studied. Many studies indicate the involvement of female sex hormone receptors, cell proliferation and apoptosis, as well as the involvement of inflammation. Some investigators describe the malignant transformation of adenomyosis, which makes the study of the disease etiology and pathogenesis more important. In current review, we discuss the different theories of adenomyosis development, as well as the risk of malignant transformation.