密码的可用性和安全性实证分析

Kanwardeep Singh Walia, S. Shenoy, Yuan Cheng
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引用次数: 3

摘要

安全性和可用性是系统的两个基本方面,但它们通常是相反的方向。有时,为了实现安全性,必须牺牲可用性,反之亦然。基于密码的身份验证系统需要安全性和可用性。然而,为了提高密码安全性,引入了一些荒谬的规则,这往往会导致用户牺牲密码的可用性。用户往往会忘记复杂的密码,并使用写下来、重复使用和以易受攻击的方式存储密码等技术。在保持密码可用性的同时增强密码的强度已成为用户和安全专家面临的最大挑战之一。在本文中,我们将密码的可发音性定义为衡量其记忆难易程度的一种手段——这是与可用性相关的一个方面。我们检查了超过700万个密码的数据集,以确定用户生成的密码是否安全。此外,我们将用户生成的密码转换为音素,并测量基于音素的表示的可发音性。然后,我们建立两者之间的关系,并建议如何适应密码创建策略,以更好地与安全性和可用性保持一致。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
An Empirical Analysis on the Usability and Security of Passwords
Security and usability are two essential aspects of a system, but they usually move in opposite directions. Sometimes, to achieve security, usability has to be compromised, and vice versa. Password-based authentication systems require both security and usability. However, to increase password security, absurd rules are introduced, which often drive users to compromise the usability of their passwords. Users tend to forget complex passwords and use techniques such as writing them down, reusing them, and storing them in vulnerable ways. Enhancing the strength while maintaining the usability of a password has become one of the biggest challenges for users and security experts. In this paper, we define the pronounceability of a password as a means to measure how easy it is to memorize - an aspect we associate with usability. We examine a dataset of more than 7 million passwords to determine whether the usergenerated passwords are secure. Moreover, we convert the usergenerated passwords into phonemes and measure the pronounceability of the phoneme-based representations. We then establish a relationship between the two and suggest how password creation strategies can be adapted to better align with both security and usability.
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